Electronic Tracking: Solution for Prison Overcrowding

Source: The post Electronic Tracking: Solution for Prison Overcrowding has been created, based on the article “Prison tag: Tracking devices may be used if they aid bail, help free up jail space” published in “The Hindu” on 20th November 2024

UPSC Syllabus Topic: GS Paper2-Governance- Prison Reforms

Context: The article discusses using electronic tracking devices for parolees and undertrials to reduce prison overcrowding. It highlights potential benefits, privacy concerns, and legal guidelines. Compact, cost-effective trackers could ensure safety, reduce costs, and prevent rights violations while addressing stigmatization. Electronic Tracking: Solution for Prison Overcrowding

For detailed information on Issues Related to Prisons and Prison Reforms read this article here

What is the Proposal for Electronic Tracking?

1. Purpose: Introduce electronic tracking devices to monitor parolees and undertrials, reducing prison overcrowding.
2. Pilot Programme: Supreme Court’s Centre for Research and Planning suggests testing trackers for low risk undertrials.
3. Legislative Backing: The Model Prisons and Correctional Services Act, 2023, allows parole if prisoners agree to wear trackers, with leave revocable for violations.
4. Odisha Example: Odisha was the first state to propose tamper-proof trackers for undertrials accused of non-heinous offenses, aiming to reduce congestion.
5. Prison Overcrowding: As of December 31, 2022, India’s prisons housed 573,220 inmates, exceeding capacity by 31.4%.
6. Benefits: Trackers can lower administrative costs, prevent violations, and improve safety, provided they are used with consent and safeguards for privacy.

What Are the Concerns with Electronic Tracking?

1. Privacy Violation: The Supreme Court has raised concerns about privacy infringement. It disapproved of a bail condition requiring an accused to share their location via Google Maps earlier this year.
2. Lack of Guidelines: There are no clear guidelines or minimum standards for using electronic tracking without violating prisoners’ rights.
3. Potential Misuse: Without proper safeguards, electronic tracking may lead to excessive surveillance or stigmatization.

How Could Electronic Tracking Be Implemented Effectively?

1. To avoid stigmatization and ensure compliance, trackers should be compact and discreet.
2. They should prevent parolees from approaching victims or crime-related locations, balancing safety and privacy rights.
3. Clear guidelines should address privacy and rights concerns. Pilot programs can test the technology’s effectiveness.

Question for practice:

Evaluate the potential benefits and challenges of implementing electronic tracking devices for parolees and undertrials to address prison overcrowding.