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Source-This post on Filoboletus Manipularis Mushroom has been created based on the article “Scientists discover rare species of bioluminescent mushrooms in Kasaragod, warn against their consumption” published in “The Indian Express” on 19 June 2024.
Why in the news?
Recently, researchers have discovered a rare species of bioluminescent mushrooms, scientifically known as Filoboletus manipularis, in the forests of Kasaragod.
About Filoboletus Manipularis
i) Filoboletus manipularis is a fascinating species of bioluminescent mushroom.
ii) These mushrooms emit a bright green glow at night due to a chemical reaction in their cells.
iii) Habitat: They thrive in tropical, humid environments. They are found in dense forests with abundant decaying organic matter like fallen trees and leaves. Rich, moist environments provide the necessary nutrients and conditions for growth and bioluminescence.
iv) Biochemical Process: The bioluminescence involves a chemical reaction between luciferin (a pigment) and luciferase (an enzyme) in the presence of oxygen. This reaction produces light, similar to other bioluminescent organisms like fireflies and certain marine creatures.
v) Biological Advantage: The glowing mechanism is believed to attract insects. They are attract insects help disperse the mushroom’s spores, aiding in reproduction and propagation.
About Mushrooms
i) Mushrooms are secondary saprophytic fungi within the forest ecosystem.
ii) Secondary saprophytic fungi play a critical role in the decomposition of plant litter, contributing to nutrient cycling.
iii) The Western Ghats region in Kerala is abundant in fungi. Many of these fungi are endemic to the region, showcasing unique and diverse characteristics.
UPSC Syllabus: Environment
