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- Recently,researchers from the IISc,Bengaluru has achieved breakthrough in ambient superconductivity which normally requires extremely low temperatures and extremely high pressure.
- Superconductivity is the phenomenon in which a material offers zero or vanishingly low resistance to the passage of electrical current below a certain temperature called its critical temperature (Tc).
- Since the mid-20th century,scientists have been looking for a material whose critical temperature is near room temperature at near 0º C but so far without success.
- Finding such a material would round off a historic quest drawing from multiple branches of the physical sciences,as well as making a dizzying array of futuristic technologies possible,including high-efficiency power transmission lines.
- To ascertain if a material has become a superconductor during tests, scientists check for some other properties. For example, the material would also become perfectly diamagnetic and display the Meissner effect.
- Meissner effect means expulsion of a magnetic field from a superconductor when it is cooled below its critical temperature.This property is also used for making high speed magnetically-levitated trains (MAGLEV).
