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Facts in news is published on a weekly basis that consists a gist of all crucial news articles from ‘The Hindu’ that may bear relevance to Civil Services Preparation.
Here is the Summary of all current happenings from around the world for the Fourth week of November.
Download Facts in News PDF file here.
| NEWS | FACTS |
|---|---|
| Bills, Programs, Policies, Schemes, Orders, Judgments | |
| Ministers not under RTI: Delhi High Court | Context: • The Delhi High Court has set aside the Central Information Commission order declaring Ministers as “public authorities” and answerable under the Right to Information law. About Central Information Commission: • The Central Information Commission (CIC) set up under the Right to Information Act 2005. • The 8th Annual Convention of Central Information Commission (CIC) was inaugurated on 2 September 2013. Composition: • It includes one Chief Information Commissioner (CIC). • It also includes not more than 10 Information Commissioner (IC) who are appointed by the appointed by the President of India. • The first Chief Information Commissioner of India was Mr Wajahat Habibullah. |
| Abolish begging, Uttarakhand govt. told | Context: • The Uttarakhand High Court recently directed the State government to abolish begging and legislate laws to fight the evil and also human trafficking. What are the constitutional & legislative provisions related to Trafficking in India? • Trafficking in Human Beings or Persons is prohibited under the Constitution of India under Article 23 (1). • The Immoral Traffic (Prevention) Act, 1956 (ITPA) is the premier legislation for prevention of trafficking for commercial sexual exploitation. Criminal Law (amendment) Act 2013: • It has come into force wherein Section 370 of the Indian Penal Code has been substituted with Section 370 and 370A IPC. Protection of Children from Sexual offences (POCSO) Act, 2012: • It has come into effect from 14th November, 2012. • It is a special law to protect children from sexual abuse and exploitation. • It provides precise definitions for different forms of sexual abuse, including penetrative and non-penetrative sexual assault, sexual harassment. • Prohibition of Child Marriage Act, 2006, • Bonded Labour System(Abolition) Act, 1976, • Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act, 1986, Transplantation of Human Organs Act, 1994, Article 23 of the Constitution: Prohibition of traffic in human beings and forced labour 1- Traffic in human beings and beggar and other similar forms of forced labor are prohibited. 2- Any any contravention of this provision shall be an offence punishable in accordance with law. |
| Supreme Court verdict on inter-religion marriages | Context: • The Supreme Court disagreed with a ruling by the Bombay High Court which said that a woman’s religion merges with her husband’s after an inter-religion marriage. Courts’ verdict: • A woman does not mortgage herself to a man by marrying him, and she retains her identity, including her religious identity, even after she exercises her right to marry outside her community under the Special Marriage Act. • The Special Marriage Act confers on her the right of choice. About Special Marriage Act: • The Special Marriage Act, 1954 is an Act of the Parliament of India. • It was enacted to provide a special form of marriage for the people of India and all India nationals in foreign countries, irrespective of religion of faith followed by either party. • The act originates from a piece of legislation proposed during the late 19th century. • The law sought to legitimize marriages for those willing to renounce their profession of faith altogether. • It can apply in inter-caste and inter-caste and inter-religion marriages. • The Special Marriage Act, 1954 replaced the old Act III, 1872. The new enactment has 3 major objectives: 1. To provide a special form of marriage in certain cases, 2. to provide for registration of certain marriages and, 3. to provide for divorce |
| Tenth Schedule of the Constitution: | Context: • Janta Dal (United) leaders Sharad Yadav, Ali Anwar disqualified as Rajya Sabha members. • The disqualification raises question whether it violets the anti-defection laws nor not. Anti-Defection law: • The 10th Schedule to the Constitution, popularly referred to as the ‘Anti-Defection Law. • It was inserted by the 52nd Amendment in 1985. • It deals with grounds of disqualification of Member of Parliament. Grounds for disqualification: • A member would incur a disqualification : a) When he “voluntarily gives up “voluntarily gives up his membership of a party” b) When he/she votes (as abstains from voting) contrary to the directive issued by the party. |
| Adultery law weighted in favour of men: SC | Context: • The Supreme Court recently said the dusty Victorian provision of adultery in the Indian Penal Code treats a married woman as her husband’s “subordinate”. • The court admitted a petition to drop adultery as a criminal offence from the statute book. Meaning of Adultery as per Section 497 of the IPC: • “Whoever has sexual intercourse with a person who is and whom he knows or has reason to believe to be the wife of another man, without the consent or connivance of that man, such sexual intercourse not amounting the offence of rape, is guilty of the offence of adultery and shall be punished.” |
| Sub-categorisation of Other Backward Classes(OBC)s | Context: • President Ram Nath Kovind has appointed a five-member commission to examine sub-categorisation of Other Backward Classes(OBC)s. Purpose of appointing commission: • To achieve greater social justice in the workforce in Central government offices fall short of achieving the 27% quota recommended by the Mandal Commission. • The commission will examine the extent of inequitable distribution of benefits of reservation among the castes. About Mandal Commission: • The Mandal Commission, or the Second Backward Classes Commission , was established in India on 1 January 1979 . • It was established to "identify the socially or educationally backward classes" of India. • It was headed by B. P Mandal an Indian parliamentarian from Bihar. • The Commission’s recommended that members of OBC be granted reservation to 27 % of jobs under the Central government and public sector undertakings. |
| Minister bought Bangalore Palace property in benami deal’ | Context: • Energy Minister D. K Shivakumar has allegedly been found to have indulged in ‘benami transaction’ of a portion of the Bangalore Palace property through his conduits in June this year,. About Prohibition of Benami Property Transactions Act, 1988: • Benami Property Transactions Act, 1988 has been amended by the Benami Transactions (Prohibition) Amendment Act, 2016 (BTP Amendment Act). • An Act to prohibit benami transactions and the right to recover property held benami and for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto. |
| Tripal talaq issue | Context: • The government gave proposal to introduce a Muslim Woman Protection of Rights on Marriage Bill in the winter session of Parliament. • Under this, a husband who resorts to instant triple talaq can be jailed for up to three years. About Triple Talaq: • It is known as talaq-e-biddat, instant divorce. • It is a form of Islamic divorce which has been used by Muslims in India. The Muslim Women (Protection of Rights on Marriage)Bill, 2017: • The bill make instant triple talaq (talaq-e-biddah) in any form — spoken, in writing or by electronic means such as email, SMS and WhatsApp illegal and void, with up to three years in jail for the husband. |
| Jallikattu issue for statute Bench | Context: • The Supreme Court recently said it will have a Constitution Bench examine whether the people of Tamil Nadu and Maharashtra can conserve Jallikattu and bullock-cart races as their cultural right and demand their protection under Article 29(1) of the Constitution. Why in the news? • A two- judge Special Bench was hearing a batch of petitions , led by People for Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA), to quash the new Jallikattu law passed by the Tamil Nadu Assembly which brought bulls back into the fold of “performing animals”. About Article 29 of the Constitution: • Article 29(1) is a fundamental right guaranteed under Part III of the Constitution. • It protects the educational and cultural rights of citizens. |
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