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Source: The post is based on the article “India trails in deceased organ donation– Tamil Nadu, Telangana, Karnataka top in transplantations” published in “ Business standard” on 19th September 2023.
Syllabus: GS2- Governance- Issues relating to development and management of Social Sector/Services relating to Health.
News: The article discusses the low deceased organ donation rate in India compared to other countries, the increase in living transplants, the large number of patients waiting for organs, and the removal of age restrictions for transplant registrations.
What are the current trends in deceased organ donation?
Global Trends in Deceased Organ Donation:
The US dominates with 41 deceased organ donors per million.
Other countries’ rates: France (24.7), UK (19.8), Germany (11.1), Japan (0.62), Brazil (13.8), and China (3.63).
Most countries, except the US, saw a decline from 2019 to 2021, likely due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
India’s Trends in Deceased Organ Donation:
India has a low rate of 0.4 deceased donors per million.
Deceased transplants have increased, tripling from 837 in 2013 to 2,694 in 2022.
Tamil Nadu, Telangana, Karnataka, Gujarat, and Maharashtra lead in deceased donor transplants.
What is the trend for living transplants in India?
Living transplants in India rose from 4,153 in 2013 to 13,338 in 2022.
Most living donor transplants took place in Delhi (3,422), Tamil Nadu (1,690), Kerala (1,423), Maharashtra (1,222), and West Bengal (1,059).
The leading states for deceased donor transplants were Tamil Nadu (555), Telangana (524), Karnataka (478), Gujarat (398), and Maharashtra (303).
What are the challenges still present in organ transplantation in India?
Demand outpaces supply: 57,000 patients registered for organ transplants by 2022, but only a fraction receive them.
Number of procedures suggests kidney and liver transplants are more common than lung or intestine transplants.
Precise number of Indians requiring transplants isn’t recorded, indicating the waiting list might be longer than currently known.
What are the recent changes made in organ transplantation rules in India?
Age-based restrictions removed: Previously, only patients under 65 could register for transplants. Now, patients of all ages can register.
