News: Scientists are developing the Laser Interferometer Lunar Antenna (LILA) on the Moon to overcome the seismic noise, atmospheric interference, and frequency constraints that limit Earth-based detectors such as LIGO.
About Laser Interferometer Lunar Antenna (LILA)
Source:vanderbilt.edu
About
It is a proposed next-generation gravitational-wave detector on the surface of the Moon.
It detects gravitational waves in the mid-frequency range (0.1–10 Hz).
This range cannot be observed with earth-based detectors or with space missions planned so far.
It is a first-of-its-kind interdisciplinary project between the astrophysics, geoscience, and lunar exploration communities.
Why moon is best location
The Moon is the best location for this because:
The Moon has no atmosphere, so there is no pressure or wind noise.
The Moon is much quieter than Earth in terms of seismic vibrations (2–3 times quieter).
The Moon does not have oceans or weather, so it avoids “Newtonian noise.”
Goals
Detect and precisely locate merging black holes and neutron stars before they collide.
Study the inside of the Moon and create a 3D picture of its internal structure.
Test theories of gravity and look for new physics, such as dark matter.
Work together with other observatories to support multi-messenger astronomy.
Two phases of development
LILA-Pioneer: Deploys a 3–5 km interferometer to achieve mid-band GW sensitivity and test lunar normal mode detection using current robotic landers.
LILA-Horizon: Expands to a 40 km triangular array with advanced sensors and seismic isolation, designed for astronaut-assisted assembly and maintenance.
Technology and Design
LILA’s design includes several major technological innovations.
It uses precision laser interferometry on the lunar surface, taking advantage of the Moon’s natural vacuum and the lack of atmospheric or human-made disturbances.
It employs optical readout systems with nanometer-level accuracy, combined with specially adapted low-noise seismometers and retroreflectors for lunar conditions.
It features advanced seismic isolation systems, including suspended test masses, anti-spring arrays, and active noise compensation.
It integrates quantum-enhanced measurement techniques, such as the proposed “GravComb” laser frequency comb sensor, which improves sensitivity in the mid-frequency band.
The overall architecture is based on a network of lunar stations linked by long interferometer arms.
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