Organisations, Missions and Initiatives

Statement 1 is incorrect. Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) is the National Standard Body of India under the Ministry for Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution. BIS is responsible for the harmonious development of the activities of standardization, marking and quality certification of goods and for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto.
Statement 2 is correct. ISO is an independent, non-governmental international organization with a membership of 165 national standards bodies.
BIS is a member of International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and through the Indian National Committee (INC) is a member of International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). BIS is also a member of regional standards bodies like Pacific Area Standards Congress (PASC) and South Asian Regional Standards Organization (SARSO).
# The Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) has recently prepared a draft standard for the drinking water supply system, which aims to act as a benchmark for maintaining water quality and developing a uniform process for states opting to implement it.

Statement 1 is correct. Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) is the National Standard Body of India established under the BIS Act 2016 for the harmonious development of the activities of standardization, marking and quality certification of goods and for matters connected.
Statement 2 is incorrect. The Minister for Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution, is the ex-officio president of the BIS.
Bureau of Indian Standard (BIS) Mobile App named “BIS-Care” has been launched recently to allow consumers to check the authenticity of the ISI-marked and hallmarked products and also lodge complaints using the application.

Statement 1 is incorrect. Women Entrepreneurship and Empowerment (WEE) is a first of its kind social national initiative by IIT Delhi to strengthen women startup eco system. The initiative is is supported by Department of Science and Technology, Government of India.
Statement 2 is correct. It attempts to promote entrepreneurship as a viable, fulfilling career option amongst women from a college going student to a middle-aged housewife.
Under the WEE Mentorship Program at IIT Delhi, a batch of 30 women is trained in entrepreneurship every six months. Step by step guidance is provided to strengthen and validate the business idea. Women entrepreneurs are connected to potential investors and buyers for their products so that they can take their business idea to a financially sustainable enterprise.

Both statements are correct.
Tribal Cooperative Marketing Development Federation of India Ltd. (TRIFED) was established in August 1987 under the Multi-State Cooperative Societies Act, 1984 by the Government of India as a National level Cooperative body.
TRIFED is mandated to bring about socio-economic development of tribals of the country by institutionalizing the trade of Minor Forest Produce (MFP) & Surplus Agricultural Produce (SAP) collected/ cultivated by them.
TRIFED plays the dual role of both a market developer and a service provider, empowering them with knowledge and tools to better their operations in a systematic, scientific manner and also assist them in developing their marketing approach.
TRIFED, under the brand name TRIBES INDIA, markets the handcrafted products directly procured from the tribals in India through its outlets all over India and e-commerce portals

Statement 1 is correct. Handloom Mark is the Government of India’s initiative to provide a collective identity to the handloom products in India and can be used not only for popularizing the hand-woven products but can also serve as a guarantee for the buyer that the product being purchased is genuinely hand woven from India.

Statement 2 is correct. Handloom Mark Scheme is run by the Office of the Development Commissioner (Handloom) and is implemented by Textiles Committee.
The Textiles Committee is a statutory body under the Textiles Committee Act, 1963 with main objective to ensure the quality of textiles and textile machinery both for internal consumption and export purposes.

Both statements are correct.
Atal Innovation Mission (AIM), NITI Aayog, in collaboration with Dell Technologies recently launched the second edition of Student Entrepreneurship Programme (SEP 2.0) for young innovators of Atal Tinkering Labs (ATLs).
SEP 2.0 will allow student innovators to work closely with Dell volunteers. They will receive mentor support; prototyping and testing support; end-user feedback; intellectual property registration and patenting of ideas, processes, and products; manufacturing support; as well as the launch support of the product in the market.
Under SEP 1.0 (2019), the top 6 teams of ATL Marathon—a nationwide contest where students identify community challenges and create grassroots innovations and solutions within their ATLs—got a chance to transform their innovative prototypes into fully functioning products, which are now available in the market.

Statement 1 is incorrect. National Technical Advisory Group on Immunisation (NTAGI) is not a statutory body. It was established by an order of the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MoHFW) in 2001 and has been reconstituted twice, in 2010 and 2013.
The NTAGI includes a Standing Technical Sub-Committee (STSC). The STSC is tasked with undertaking technical review of scientific evidence on matters related to immunization policy and programmes. Final recommendations are drafted by the NTAGI taking into account the scientific review by the STSC and any other relevant evidence.
Statement 2 is incorrect. The NTAGI is not a policy making body in its own right and has no regulatory function.
The overall objective of the NTAGI is to provide advice to the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare on the strategies to control the burden and appropriately evaluate the impact of immunization on Vaccine Preventable Diseases (VPDs) in the country.
The National Expert Group on Vaccine Administration for COVID-19 has sought inputs from Standing Technical Sub-Committee of National Technical Advisory Group on Immunization (NTAGI) regarding the vaccine candidates for COVID-19.

The Ministry of Tribal Affairs in collaboration with Piramal Swasthya, the Centre of Excellence has developed this Tribal Health and Nutrition Portal ‘Swasthya’, a one-stop solution presenting all information pertaining to tribal health and nutrition related to Scheduled Tribe people.
It has a dashboard, knowledge repository, partner segment, Sickle Cell Diseases (SCD) support corner. The dashboard presents data curated from multiple sources for the 177 identified high priority tribal districts.
The Portal also has research studies, innovations and best practices on tribal community curated from multiple sources related to tribal health and nutrition.

All of the above are correct statements.
The National Biopharma Mission (NBM) is an industry-Academia Collaborative Mission for accelerating biopharmaceutical development in the country.
The mission will be implemented by Biotechnology Industry Research Assistance Council (BIRAC). It was approved in 2017 at a total cost of Rs 1500 crore and is 50% co-funded by World Bank loan.
The Government has launched Innovate in India (i3) programme under the mission to create an enabling ecosystem to promote entrepreneurship and indigenous manufacturing in the sector.
The program is promoting entrepreneurship by supporting small and medium enterprises for indigenous product development (Novel Cell lines, indigenously developed Biologics, devices and Raw materials for Biologics manufacturing) and through establishment of shared facilities and Technology Transfer Offices.

Both statements are correct.
Union Minister of Youth and Sports recently launched the nation-wide initiative of Fit India Youth Clubs to promote fitness as part of the Fit India Movement.
Under this initiative, 75 lakh volunteers of Nehru Yuva Kendra Sangathan and National Service Scheme, along with Scouts and Guides, National Cadet Corps and other youth organizations will come together to register as Fit India Youth Clubs in every block in the country, under the aegis of a district unit.
Members of the club will motivate people from the community to take up fitness activities their daily routine. Additionally, the clubs will organize and encourage schools and local bodies to organize one community fitness programme every quarter.

One of the first initiatives that will be taken up by the Fit India Youth Clubs is to popularise the Fit India Freedom Run, which begins from August 15 to October 2.

Statement 1 is incorrect. National Cancer Registry Programme Report 2020 has been released by the National Centre for Disease Informatics & Research (NCDIR)-Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR).
Statement 2 is correct. As per the report, the highest incidence of cancer in India was observed in the north eastern region.
-Cancer of lung, mouth, stomach and oesophagus were the most common cancers in men.
-Cancer of breast and cervix uteri were the most common cancers in women.
-The report estimates that in 2020, tobacco-related cancers are estimated to contribute to 27.1% of the total cancer burden.

Both statements are correct.
The National Technical Textiles Mission with a four-year implementation period from financial year 2020-21 to 2023-24 was launched in February this year.
The Mission will have four components:
-Research, Innovation and Development: Carbon Fibre, Aramid Fibre, Nylon Fibre, and Composites and application-based research in geotextiles, agro-textiles, medical textiles, mobile textiles and sports textiles and development of biodegradable technical textiles.
-Promotion and Market Development: The Mission will aim at average growth rate of 15-20% per annum taking the level of domestic market size to 40-50 Billion USD by the year 2024; through market development, market promotion, international technical collaborations, investment promotions and ‘Make in India’ initiatives.
-Export Promotion: The component aims at export promotion of technical textiles and ensuring 10% average growth in exports per year upto 2023-24. An Export Promotion Council for Technical Textiles will be set up for effective coordination and promotion activities in the segment.
-Education, Training, and Skill Development: The Mission will promote technical education at higher engineering and technology levels related to technical textiles and its application areas covering engineering, medical, agriculture, aquaculture and dairy segments.

Statement 1 is incorrect. The Streets for People Challenge is an initiative of the Smart Cities Mission, Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs (MoHUA).
Statement 2 is correct. The challenge aims to inspire cities to create walking-friendly streets through quick measures, in response to COVID-19.
As the lockdowns lift, cities face many challenges in providing safe, affordable, and equitable modes of transport that enable social distancing. Limited public transport options, narrow, crowded sidewalks particularly in market places and deterioration of mental health, are key issues that must be addressed on priority.
All cities participating in the challenge shall be encouraged to use the ‘test-learn-scale’ approach to initiate both, flagship and neighbourhood walking interventions.
The interventions can include inter alia creating pedestrian-friendly streets in high footfall areas, re-imagining under-flyover spaces, re-vitalizing dead neighbourhood spaces, and creating walking links through parks and institutional areas.
Fit India Mission, under Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports, along with the India program of the Institute for Transport Development and Policy (ITDP) have partnered with the Smart Cities Mission to support the challenge.

‘National Strategy for Financial Education 2020-2025′ (NSFE) has been released by RBI recently. It has suggested a multi-stakeholder-led approach for creating a financially aware and empowered India.
The five Cs, outlined by the strategy paper, are: Content, Capacity, Community, Communication and Collaboration.
The document stresses on development of financial literacy content for school children (including curriculum and co-scholastic), teachers, young adults, women, new entrants at workplace/entrepreneurs (MSMEs), senior citizens, persons with disabilities, illiterate people.
NSFE states that the Technical Group on Financial Inclusion and Financial Literacy (TGFIFL) would be responsible for periodic monitoring and implementation of National Strategy for Financial Education.
This NSFE for the period 2020-2025, the second one after the 2013-18 NSFE, has been prepared by the National Centre for Financial Education (NCFE) in consultation with all the Financial Sector Regulators (RBI, SEBI, IRDAI and PFRDA), DFS and other stakeholders.

Statement 1 is correct. The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) released the National Strategy for Financial Inclusion 2019-2024 in January, 2020. It sets forth the vision and objectives of financial inclusion policies in India.
The strategy was prepared by the RBI with inputs from the central government and financial sector regulators (Securities and Exchange Board of India, Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India and Pension Fund Regulatory and Development Authority of India).
Statement 2 is correct. RBI identified six strategic objectives of a national strategy for financial inclusion:
(i) universal access to financial services, (ii) providing basic bouquet of financial services, (iii) access to livelihood and skill development, (iv) financial literacy and education, (v) customer protection and grievance redressal, and (vi) effective coordination.
To achieve this vision, it identified certain milestones such as:
-providing banking access to every village (or hamlet of 500 households in hilly areas) within a five km radius by 2020,
-strengthening digital financial services to create infrastructure to move towards a cash less society by 2022;
-ensuring that every adult has access to a financial service provider through a mobile device by 2024.
# Reserve Bank of India (RBI) recently released the National Strategy for Financial Education 2020-25.

In the preamble to the Food Safety and Standards Act, 2006, the Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) is expected to ensure availability of safe and wholesome food for the people in India. Therefore, FSSAI has embarked on a large-scale effort to transform the country’s food system in order to ensure safe, healthy and sustainable food for all Indians through the ‘Eat Right India’ movement.
The movement is based on three key themes, ‘if it’s not safe, it’s not food’ (safe food), ‘food should not only serve the palate but is also meant for body and mind’ (healthy diets) and ‘food has to be good both for people and the planet’ (sustainable diets).
# Eat Right Challenge is an annual competition for districts and cities across the country to encourage them to strengthen the food safety and regulatory environment and awareness among consumers to make better food choices.

Statement 1 is incorrect. National Research Development Corporation (NRDC) is not a statutory body, it was established in 1953 by the Government of India and is operating as a not for profit company under Companies Act 2013.
The primary objective of NRDC is to promote, develop and commercialize the technologies / know-how / inventions / patents / processes emanating from various national R&D institutions / Universities
Statement 2 is correct. It works under the administrative control of the Department of Scientific & Industrial Research, Ministry of Science & Technology.
Recently an Innovation-cum-Incubation Centre has been established jointly by National Research Development Corporation (NRDC) and Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-National Aerospace Laboratories (CSIR-NAL) to promote Aerospace engineering start-ups.

The Quality Council of India (QCI).
•The Quality Council of India (QCI) is a pioneering experiment of the
Government of India in setting up organizations in partnership with the Indian
industry.
•A committee which included various interested ministries and stakeholders
including industries was established to make suitable recommendations.
•The work was coordinated by the then Department of Industries (Department of
Industrial Policy and Promotion) and the recommendations were submitted to the
Cabinet in 1996.
•Key recommendations included the Need for establishing an organization jointly by
the Government and the industry and the need for the organization to be selfsustaining
and be away from the government.
•Accepting the recommendations, the Cabinet Committee decided to set up
Quality Council of India as a non-profit autonomous society registered under
Societies Registration Act XXI of 1860 to establish an accreditation structure
in the country and to spread quality movement in India by undertaking a National
Quality Campaign.
•QCI is governed by a Council comprising of 38 members including the Chairman
and Secretary General.
•The Council has an equal representation of Government, Industry and other
Stakeholders. The chairman of QCI is nominated by Prime Minister of India and
present chairman of QCI is Mr. Adil Zainulbhai.

National Productivity Council of India (NPC), established in the year 1958, is an autonomous organization under Department for Promotion of Industry & Internal Trade, Ministry of Commerce and Industry, Government of India (Chairman of NPC).
• Besides undertaking research in the area of productivity, NPC has been providing consultancy and training services in areas of Industrial Engineering, Agri-Business, Economic Services, Quality Management, Human Resources Management, Information Technology, Technology Management, Energy Management, Environmental Management etc., to the Government and Public & Private sector organizations.
• NPC is a constituent of the Tokyo-based Asian Productivity Organization (APO), an Inter-Governmental Body of which the Government of India is a founding member.

National Safai Karamcharis Finance & Development Corporation(NSKFDC), A wholly owned Govt. of India Undertaking under the Ministry of Social Justice & Empowerment (M/o SJ&E) was set up on 24th January 1997 as a Company “Not for Profit” under Section 25 of the Companies Act, 1956.
• NSKFDC is in operation since October, 1997, as an Apex Corporation for the all round socio-economic upliftment of the Safai Karamcharis, Scavengers and their dependants throughout India, through various loan and non-loan based schemes.
• Apart from operating various loan and non-loan based schemes for the upliftment of the target group, NSKFDC is playing a vital role in elimination of manual scavenging – the worst surviving symbol of untouchability.
• NSKFDC has been designated as the Nodal Agency for implementation of the Central Sector Self Employment Scheme for Rehabilitation of Manual Scavengers (SRMS) under the aegis of the Ministry of Social Justice & Empowerment.

Statement 1 is incorrect: The National Consumer Disputes Redressal
Commission (NCDRC), India is a quasi-judicial commission in India which was set up in
1988 under the Consumer Protection Act of 1986. Its head office is in New Delhi.
Statement 2 is incorrect: The commission is headed by a sitting or retired judge of
the Supreme Court of India. The commission is presently headed by Justice R K Agrawal,
former judge of the Supreme Court of India.

The Law Commission of India is a non-statutory body constituted by the
Government of India from time to time.
•The Commission was originally constituted in 1955 and is re-constituted every
three years.
•The tenure of twenty-first Law Commission of India was upto 31st August, 2018.
•The various Law Commissions have been able to make important contribution
towards the progressive development and codification of Law of the country.
•The Law Commission has so far submitted 277 reports.

The Advertising Standards Council of India (ASCI), established in 1985, is
committed to the cause of Self-Regulation in Advertising, ensuring the protection of the
interests of consumers.
•ASCI was formed with the support of all four sectors connected with Advertising,
viz. Advertisers, Advertising Agencies, Media (including Broadcasters and the
Press) and others like PR Agencies, Market Research Companies etc.
•The Consumer Complaints Council is ASCI’s heart and soul. It is the dedicated work
put in by this group of highly respected people that has given tremendous impetus
to the work of ASCI and the movement of self- regulation in the advertising.

Statement 1 is correct. The Minister of Education recently inaugurated the
Gyan Circle Ventures, a Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology funded
Technology Business Incubator (TBI) of Indian Institute of Information Technology, Sri
City (Chittoor), Andhra Pradesh.
Gyan Circle Ventures would function as a Technology Incubation and Development of
Entrepreneurs (TIDE 2.0) incubation center as approved by the Ministry of Electronics and
Information Technology (MeitY).
# TIDE 2.0 scheme promotes tech entrepreneurship through financial and technical support to
incubators engaged in supporting ICT startups primarily engaged in using emerging
technologies such as IoT, AI, Block-chain, Robotics etc. in pre-identified areas of societal
relevance.
Statement 2 is correct. The Gyan Circle Ventures will serve as a hub for innovation and
startups by providing support, in various phases, via investments, infrastructure and
mentoring.
The TBI would have an Advisory Committee comprising leading Industrialists,
entrepreneurs and technical experts. It would enable incubatees to leverage these expert
mentors and networks from both academia and the industry.

Jal Jeevan Mission is envisioned to provide safe and adequate drinking
water through individual household tap connections by 2024 to all households in rural
India.
The components supported under JJM include:
–Development of in-village piped water supply infrastructure to provide tap water
connection to every rural household
–Wherever necessary, bulk water transfer, treatment plants and distribution network to
cater to every rural household
–Technological interventions for removal of contaminants where water quality is an issue
–Greywater management

Statement 1 is incorrect. Biotechnology Industry Research Assistance
Council (BIRAC) is a not-for-profit Public Sector Enterprise, set up by Department of
Biotechnology (DBT) as an Interface Agency to strengthen and empower the emerging
Biotech enterprise to undertake strategic research and innovation, addressing nationally
relevant product development needs
Statement 2 is correct. The National Biopharma Mission is an Industry-Academia
Collaborative Mission of Department of Biotechnology (DBT), Govt of India for accelerating
discovery research to early development for Biopharmaceuticals approved by the Cabinet for
a total cost US$ 250 million and 50% co-funded by the World Bank.
It is being implemented at Biotechnology Research Assistance Council (BIRAC). This
program is dedicated to deliver affordable products to the nation with an aim to improve the
health standards of India’s population. Vaccines, medical devices and diagnostics and
biotherapeutics are few of its most important domains, besides, strengthening the clinical
trial capacity and building technology transfer capabilities in the country.

Statement 1 is correct. Telecommunications Standards Development
Society, India (TSDSI) is an industry led not for profit organisation recognised by DoT as
National Telecom Standards Development Organisation (SDO).
TSDSI’s mandate is to reflect India specific requirements in various global standards
forums so as to ensure addressing of these requirements in global standards, including in
upcoming 5G technologies.
It also provides a platform to its members, drawn from industry (operators, manufactures,
designers, and system integrators), academia, R&D, user groups, Govt. and
policy/regulatory bodies to develop and contribute their innovations/IP nationally as well as
at global platforms like 3GPP, ITU etc.
Statement 2 is correct. TSDSI is a constituent Standards Development Organisation (SDO)
of Global Standards Collaboration (GSC) – a voluntary forum of twelve of the world’s
leading information and communication technologies standards organisations.

Statement 1 is incorrect. The National Council of Educational Research
and Training (NCERT) is an autonomous organisation set up in 1961 by the Government
of India to assist and advise the Central and State Governments on policies and
programmes for qualitative improvement in school education.
It is not a statutory body but a society registered under the Societies Registration Act.
Statement 2 is correct. The major objectives of NCERT and its constituent units are to:
-undertake, promote and coordinate research in areas related to school education;
-prepare and publish model textbooks, supplementary material, journals and develops
educational kits, multimedia digital materials, etc.
-organise pre-service and in-service training of teachers;
-develop and disseminate innovative educational techniques and practices;
-act as a nodal agency for achieving the goals of Universalisation of Elementary Education.

Both statements are correct.
The Advertising Standards Council of India, established in 1985, is a Mumbai based self-regulatory voluntary organization of the advertising industry in India. It seeks to ensure that advertisements conform to its Code for Self-Regulation. Under the Cable Television Networks (Regulation) Act, 1995 it is mandatory for television networks to follow the advertising code laid down by ASCI.
# The Ministry of Information and Broadcasting has issued an advisory asking all private television broadcasters to follow guidelines issued by the Advertising Standards Council of India (ASCI) for advertisements relating to online gaming, fantasy sports etc.

The National Water Development Agency (NWDA), a Registered Society under the then Ministry of Irrigation [now Department of Water Resources, River Development & Ganga Rejuvenation (DoWR, RD&GR) under Ministry of Jal Shakti (MoJS)] was set up in the year 1982 to carry out detailed studies, surveys and investigations in respect of Peninsular Component under National Perspective Plan (NPP) for Water Resources Development.
Its functions include:
–To carry out detailed studies about the quantum of water in various Peninsular River systems and Himalayan River systems which can be transferred to other basins/States after meeting the reasonable needs of the basin/States in the foreseeable future.
–To prepare feasibility report of the various components of the scheme relating to Peninsular Rivers development and Himalayan Rivers development.
–To undertake/ construct/repair/renovate/rehabilitate/implement the projects under Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchai Yojna (PMKSY)
–To act as a repository of borrowed funds or money received on deposit or loan given on interest to secure the repayment of any such borrowed funds/money/deposit/loan etc. for the execution of projects.

Sustainable Mountain Development Summit (SMDS) is the Integrated Mountain Initiative’s flagship annual conclave. Each year 3-5 salient themes engaging the immediate attention of and relevant to the mountains and hills are identified for threadbare discussion and debate. Conclusions and recommendations emerging from this exercise would be pursued by IMI subsequently.
The 9th edition of SMDS, being hosted by Sustainable Development Forum Uttaranchal (SDFU), will focus on the overall objective of building pathways toward a resilient and sustainable mountain economy in the IHR in the context of a post COVID-19 scenario and Climate Change.

Statement 1 is incorrect. National Film Development Corporation Ltd. (NFDC), incorporated in the year 1975, (100% owned Central Public Sector Undertaking) was formed by the Government of India with the primary objective of planning and promoting an organized, efficient, and integrated development of the Indian film industry.
Statement 2 is correct. Union Cabinet has recently approved to merge four of its film media units, namely Films Division, Directorate of Film Festivals, National Film Archives of India, and Children’s Film Society, India with the National Film Development Corporation (NFDC) Ltd. by expanding the Memorandum of Articles of Association of NFDC, which will then carry out all the activities hitherto performed by them.

Central Water Commission (CWC):
Statement 1 is incorrect: CWC (erstwhile Central Waterways, Irrigation and Navigation
Commission) was established in 1945 by the Government on the advice of Dr. B.R.
Ambedkar, Member (Labour) in Viceroy’s Executive Council.
•The credit for the establishment of CWINC is attributed to Dr. B. R. Ambedkar,
under whose able guidance the then Labour Department constituted the
Commission.
•He not only raised the concept and argued for the necessity of having such a
technical body at the Centre but also laid down its objectives, organisational
structure and programme.
•The final proposal for establishment of CWINC was prepared by the Department
with the help of Rai Bahadur A.N. Khosla, the Consulting Engineer for Irrigation. Dr.
Khosla was subsequently appointed as founder Chairman of the CWINC.
Statement 2 is correct: Central water Commission has divided the country into 20 rivers
basins comprising 12 major and 8 composite river basins.

NOTE: Since then CWC has evolved as a premier technical organisation in the country in

the field of Water Resources and now has entered into 75th Year of service to the nation.

• It is cultivated in Yellapura, Siddapura and Sirsi taluks. Totgars’ Cooperative Sale

Society Ltd., Sirsi, is the registered proprietor of the GI.

• The arecanut grown in these taluks have unique features like a round and flattened

coin shape, particular texture, size, cross-sectional views, taste, etc. These features

are not seen in arecanut grown in any other regions.

Tobacco: Most of the tobacco growing areas are concentrated in Ongole, Kaikalur,

Addanki, Chirala, Giddalur areas of Prakasam district in Andhra Pradesh.

NOTE: Celery crop is cultivated mainly in the states of Punjab (Jallandhar, Gudaspur and

Amritsar districts), Haryana and western Uttar Pradesh (Ladhwa and Saharanpur districts)

over an area of about 5000 ha. About 90% of the total produce comes from Punjab.