Pradhan Mantri National Dialysis Programme (PMNDP) and Dialysis

About Pradhan Mantri National Dialysis Programme (PMNDP) and Dialysis

• The Pradhan Mantri National Dialysis Programme (PMNDP) was rolled out on 07th April 2016 as part of the National Health Mission (NHM).
• Nodal Ministry: Ministry of Health and Family Welfare
• Aim: It aims to improve access to haemodialysis services by establishing dialysis centres in District Hospitals and other health facilities across the country and providing free dialysis services to eligible patients.
• Beneficiaries: The scheme targets people living Below Poverty Line(BPL) at the district hospitals in the country.
• Key Features
  • The guidelines for Programme envisage the provision of dialysis services in PPP (Public Private Partnership) mode.
  • Dialysis centres under PMNDP are established based on proposals received from the States/UTs in their annual Programme Implementation Plans (PIPs).
  • Financing: For Below Poverty Line (BPL) economic group: 100% expenses are directly covered under NHM by the government.
    • For non-BPL patients: They can get treated at the district hospitals by paying the same rates as paid by the government for the BPL patient.
• PMNDP portal: The PMNDP portal (IT platform) was launched on 05 May 22 to integrate all the dialysis centres operational in the state under NHM and facilitate building of renal registry and ensuring portability within the state (one state one dialysis) and later throughout the country (One Nation-One Dialysis).

About Dialysis

• Dialysis is a procedure that removes waste and fluids from the body that the kidneys are not able to remove.
• It also aims to keep the body in balance by correcting the levels of various toxic substances in the blood.
• Without dialysis, all patients with complete kidney failure would die from the build-up of toxins in the bloodstream.
• Types of Dialysis: There are two main types of dialysis –
  • Hemodialysis (HD/Blood Dialysis): In HD, the blood is filtered through a machine that acts like an artificial kidney and is returned back into the body.
    • HD needs to be performed in a designated dialysis center.
    • It is usually needed about 3 times per week, with each episode taking about 3-4 hours.
  • Peritoneal dialysis (PD/Water Dialysis): In PD, the blood is cleaned without being removed from the body.
    • • The abdomen sac (lining) acts as a natural filter.
      • A solution (mainly made up of salts and sugars) is injected into the abdomen that encourages filtration such that the waste is transferred from the blood to the solution.
    • There are 2 types of PD – Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD) and Automated Peritoneal Dialysis(APD).
      • CAPD needs to be done 3 to 5 times every day, but does not require a machine.
      • APD uses an automated cycler machine to perform 3 to 5 exchanges during the night while the patient is asleep.