Consider the following events in the early Maratha-Mughal conflict: Event Associated Power/Outcome 1. Afzal Khan Incident (1659) Shivaji's successful military maneuver against the leading general of the Mughal forces. 2. Shayista Khan Incident (1663) A daring surprise night attack by Shivaji on the Mughal Governor of the Deccan, leading to heavy losses for the Mughals. 3. Treaty of Purandar (1665) Forced Shivaji to surrender 23 of his forts to the Mughals and agree to send his son Shambhaji to serve the Emperor. How many of the above pairs are correctly matched? |ForumIAS

[A] Only one pair

[B] Only two pairs

[C] All three pairs

[D] None of the pairs

Answer: B

Notes:

Explanation:

Pair 1: Incorrect. Afzal Khan was the general of the Bijapur Sultanate, not the Mughal forces. The confrontation resulted in Afzal Khan’s death and was a major victory for Shivaji over the Deccan Sultanates.
Pair 2: Correct. Shayista Khan, a high-ranking Mughal governor and Aurangzeb’s maternal uncle, was ambushed by Shivaji at Pune in 1663, an event that deeply humiliated the Mughals.
Pair 3: Correct. The treaty, signed with the Mughal commander Raja Jai Singh, was a significant defeat for Shivaji, forcing him to surrender territory and recognize Mughal suzerainty, paving the way for his visit to Agra.