Explanation –

• Parole: Parole is a system of releasing a prisoner before the completion of their sentence, with the release being conditional. The period of release is not treated as a remission of the sentence; instead, the individual is still serving their sentence but under supervision in the community. The release is conditional, meaning the parolee must adhere to specific terms and conditions, such as regular check-ins with a parole officer and possibly residing in a halfway house. Failure to comply can result in returning to prison.
• Probation: Probation allows an offender to serve their sentence in the community under supervision instead of going to prison. It is typically ordered by a court and involves adhering to specific conditions. Unlike parole, probation is a court-ordered period of supervision in the community, typically instead of serving time in prison. It involves conditions set by the court, and probationers must report to a probation officer. It can also be part of a split sentence, where the offender serves time in jail before being released on probation.
• Furlough: Furlough refers to the temporary release of an inmate from prison for a specified period, often for reasons such as family visits or medical treatment. It does not reduce the overall sentence and is usually granted for specific reasons, such as attending a family event or medical treatment.

Source: The Hindu