Q. Consider the following statements:
1.A genome refers to the complete set of genetic material present in an organism.
2.A gene is a specific sequence of DNA that contains the instructions for making a particular protein or functional RNA molecule.
3.Cells make proteins by transcribing the gene into messenger RNA (mRNA), which then guides the synthesis of the protein.
How many of statements given above are correct?
Explanation –
Statements 1, 2 and 3 are correct. The genome is the entirety of an organism’s genetic material, which includes all the DNA (or RNA in some viruses) that carries the instructions for the organism’s development, growth, reproduction, and other essential functions. A gene is a distinct segment of DNA that codes for a specific protein or functional RNA molecule. Genes serve as the basic functional units of heredity, and their expression determines an organism’s characteristics. The process of protein synthesis involves two main steps: transcription and translation. In transcription, the DNA sequence of a gene is copied into a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule. This mRNA molecule then acts as a template during the translation process, guiding the assembly of amino acids to form the corresponding protein.
Source: The Hindu
