Exp) Option a is the correct answer

Statement 1 is incorrect. First Past the Post (FPTP) system of election is followed only for electing members to Lok Sabha, State Legislative Assemblies and Panchayats. Elections for President, Vice-President, members of Rajya Sabha and State Legislative Councils are held on the basis of proportional representation system.

Statement 2 is correct. The Election Commission of India directs, supervises and controls the national and state elections. The State Election Commissions are vested with the powers of conduct of elections to the Corporations, Municipalities, Zilla Parishads, District Panchayats, Panchayat Samitis, Gram Panchayats and other local bodies. They are independent of the Election Commission of India and constituted under the Constitution (Seventy-third and Seventy-fourth) Amendments Act, 1992 for each State / Union Territory.

Statement 3 is incorrect. The Chief Election Commissioner (CEC) can be removed before the expiry of his term, by the President if both Houses of Parliament make such a recommendation with a special majority. Other Election Commissioners can also be removed by the President of India before the expiry of their term or can resign anytime.

Statement 4 is incorrect. It is not mandatory to appoint more than one Election Commissioner in the Election Commission. The Election Commission of India can either be a single member or a multi-member body. As per the Constitution, the election commission shall consist of the Chief Election Commissioner and a such number of other election commissioners, if any, as the President may from time to time fix. However, there is a general consensus now that a multi-member Election Commission is more appropriate as power is shared and there is greater accountability. 32. Solution: (b