Explanations –

Statement 1 is incorrect. An equinox is not the day when the Sun is farthest from the Earth. Instead, it is the day when day and night are approximately equal in duration because the Sun is directly above the equator.

Statements 2 and 3 are correct. A solstice marks the longest day (Summer Solstice) or shortest day (Winter Solstice) of the year, depending on the hemisphere. Seasonal changes are influenced by the solstices and equinoxes, as they mark key points in Earth’s orbit around the Sun and its axial tilt, which determine the seasons.

Source: Forum IAS