Exp) Option c is the correct answer.

Statement 1 is correct. The Constitution of India allows prescribing residence as a requirement for jobs in a particular state. Article 16 (3) of the Constitution of India provides an exception by saying that Parliament may make a law “prescribing” a requirement of residence for jobs in a particular state. However, this power vests solely in the Parliament, and not state legislatures.

Statement 2 is correct. Article 16 of the Constitution of India provides for equality of opportunity for all citizens in public employment only. Article 16 (1) states that there shall be equality of opportunity for all citizens in matters relating to employment or appointment to any office under the State. Further, Article 16 (2) says that, no citizen shall, on grounds only of religion, race, caste, sex, descent, place of birth, residence or any of them, be ineligible for, or discriminated against in respect or, any employment or office under the State.