Exp) Option c is the correct answer.

Statement 1 is correct. The President of India has the power to specify any caste or tribe as Scheduled Caste or Scheduled Tribe respectively under Article 341(1). The President issues the notification for specifying any caste as Scheduled caste after consulting the Governor of the state concerned. The President have issued several orders specifying the SCs and STs in different states and union territories and these have also been amended by the Parliament. The Constitution does not specify the castes or tribes which are to be called the SCs or the STs. It leaves to the President the power to specify as to what castes or tribes in each state and union territory are to be treated as the SCs and STs.

Statement 2 is correct. Under Article 341(2), the Parliament of India by law can include or exclude the above-mentioned groups from the list of the Scheduled Castes. Any inclusion or exclusion of any caste or tribe from Presidential notification can be done only by the Parliament and not by a subsequent Presidential notification.