Q. Consider the following statements regarding National Emergency in India:
1.The Emergency declared in 1975 was based on internal disturbance and led to constitutional safeguards through the 44th Amendment Act.
2.A fresh proclamation of National Emergency was issued in 1965 during the war with Pakistan, as the earlier proclamation in 1962 had expired.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Answer: A
Notes:
Explanation:
- The 1975 Emergency was declared on the grounds of “internal disturbance” and became highly controversial.
- Following its misuse, the 44th Amendment Act of 1978 introduced constitutional safeguards, such as requiring written advice of the Cabinet and changing the ground from “internal disturbance” to “armed rebellion”.
- No new proclamation was issued in 1965 during the war with Pakistan because the 1962 Emergency (due to Chinese aggression) was still in force. Hence, a fresh proclamation was not needed in 1965.
Source: Laxmikant (Polity)
