Q. Consider the following statements regarding the decline of major southern powers in the late 18th century:
1.The Nizam of Hyderabad was weakened primarily due to the constant pressure and demand for Chauth by the Marathas.
2.The state of Mysore, under Hyder Ali and Tipu Sultan, was unique in its rapid military and diplomatic modernization, largely insulated from internal noble revolts.
3.The Carnatic region was one of the first major regional states to fall completely under European control due to British and French intervention in its internal succession disputes.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
Answer: C
Notes:
Explanation:
- Statement 1: Correct. The Marathas were the Nizam’s most persistent enemy, forcing him to cede territory and pay huge tributes (Chauth), which was the major draining factor on Hyderabad’s strength.
- Statement 2: Incorrect. While Hyder Ali and Tipu Sultan did modernize the military, they constantly faced threats and revolts from the numerous local chieftains (Poligars) who resented centralized authority and often allied with the British.
- Statement 3: Correct. The Carnatic region became the central battleground for the Anglo-French Wars (Carnatic Wars). The British and the French repeatedly intervened in the disputed successions (e.g., between Muhammad Ali and Chanda Sahib), ultimately making the Nawab a puppet of the British East India Company.
