Explanation: Sikh Gurus

• The era of the ten gurus of Sikhism spans from the birth of Nanak Dev in 1469, through the life of Guru Gobind Singh. At the time of Guru Gobind Singh’s death in 1708, he passed the title of Guru to the Sikh scripture, Guru Granth.
• Guru Nanak Dev – Guru from 1469 to 1539. Guru Nanak Dev, first of the 10 gurus, founded the Sikh faith, introducing the concept of one God. He started the institution of Guru Ka Langar. Langar is the term in the Sikh religion refers to the common kitchen where food is served to everyone without any discrimination.
• Guru Angad Dev – Guru from 1539 to 1552. Guru Angad Dev, second of the 10 gurus, invented and introduced the Gurmukhi (written form of Punjabi) script. He compiled the writings of Nanak Dev in Guru Granth Sahib in Gurmukhi Script.
• Guru Ram Das – Guru from 1574 to 1581. Guru Ram Das, fourth of the 10 gurus, founded the city of Amritsar. He started the construction of the famous Golden Temple at Amritsar, the holy city of the Sikhs.
• Guru Gobind Singh Sahib – Guru from 1675 to 1708. He became Guru after the martyrdom of his father Guru Tegh Bahadur. He created the Khalsa in 1699, changing the Sikhs into a saint-soldier order for protecting themselves.

Source: NCERT