Exp) Option b is the correct answer.

There are basically two forms of democratic government systems – Presidential and Parliamentary. India follows a parliamentary form of government. The chief difference between these systems is the extent of power separation between the legislative, the executive and the judiciary. Another major difference between the presidential and parliamentary systems is the accountability of the executive to the legislature.

Statement 1 is correct. In Parliamentary government, the President has the power to dissolve the lower house before the completion of its term. As opposed, the President cannot dissolve the lower house, in Presidential government.

Statement 2 is incorrect. In Parliamentary system of government there are Nominal and Real Executives. The President is the nominal executive (de jure executive or titular executive) while the Prime Minister is the real executive (de facto executive). Thus, the President is head of the State, while the Prime Minister is head of the government. Article 74 provides for a council of ministers headed by the Prime Minister to aid and advise the President in the exercise of his functions. The advice so tendered is binding on the President.

While in Presidential system of government The President is both the head of the State and the head of government. As the head of State, he occupies a ceremonial position. He is both de jure and de facto executive.

Statement 3 is correct. In Presidential form of government the President governs with the help of a cabinet or a smaller body called ‘Kitchen Cabinet’. It is only an advisory body and consists of non-elected departmental secretaries. They are selected and appointed by him, are responsible only to him, and can be removed by him any time.

In Parliamentary form of government, the cabinet is the highest decision-making authority in our politico administrative system. It is the chief policy formulating body of the Central government. It is the supreme executive authority of the Central government.