Explanation: Hartog Committee

In 1929, the Hartog Committee submitted its report. This Committee was appointed to survey the growth of education in British India.

It “devoted far more attention to mass education than Secondary and University Education”. The committee was not satisfied with the scanty growth of literacy in the country and highlighted the problem of ‘Wastage’ and ‘Stagnation’ at the primary level.

It mentioned that the great waste of money and efforts which resulted because of the pupils leaving their schools before completing the particular stage of education. Its conclusion was that “out of every 100 pupils (boys and girls) who were in class I in 1922-23, only 18 were reading in class IV in 1925-2Thus, resulted in a relapse into illiteracy. So, it suggested the following important measures for the improvement of primary education.

Adoption of the policy of consolidation in place of multiplication of schools;

Fixation of the duration of the primary course to four years;

Improvement in the quality, training, status, pay, service condition of teachers

Relating the curricula and methods of teaching to the conditions of villages in which children live and read

Adjustment of school hours and holidays to seasonal and local requirements

Increasing the number of Government inspection staff.

Source: NCERT