Explanation: The KAVACH is an indigenously developed Automatic Train Protection (ATP) system by the Research Design and Standards Organization (RDSO) in collaboration with the Indian industry.

• The trials were facilitated by the South-Central Railway to achieve safety in train operations across Indian Railways.
• It is a state-of-the-art electronic system with Safety Integrity Level-4 (SIL-4) standards.
• It is meant to provide protection by preventing trains from passing the signal at Red (which marks danger) and avoid collision.

Source: FORUMIAS