Which of the following is/are correct regarding Urban Local Bodies in India? 1. The Constitution's 74th Amendment Act envisages three types of urban local bodies, namely Nagar Panchayat, Municipal Council, and Municipal Corporation. 2. Municipal Corporations are established in cities with a population greater than 1 million. 3. Bombay and Calcutta Corporations were the first Municipal Corporations that were established during British time. Select the correct answer using the code given below: |ForumIAS

[A] 1 and 2 only

[B] 2 only

[C] 1 and 3 only

[D] 1, 2 and 3

Answer: A

Notes:

Explanation:

The 74th Amendment Act of 1992 provides for the constitution of the following three types of Municipalities in every State:

Nagar Panchayat– For a transitional area, i.e., an area in transition from a rural area to an Urban area.
Municipal Council– For a smaller Urban Area. i.e., an Area of Population of more than 100,000.
Municipal Corporation– For a larger Urban Area i.e., an area with a population of more than 1 million.
In 1687-88, The first Municipal Corporation in India was set up at Madras.
In 1726, municipal corporations were set up in Bombay and Calcutta.

74th Amendment Act of 1992:

This Act added a new Part IX-A- ‘The Municipalities’ to the constitution of India.
The new part consists of Provisions from Articles 243-P to 243-ZG.
The Act also added a new Twelfth Schedule to the Constitution.
This schedule contains 18 functional items of Municipalities and deals with Article 243-W.

Source: Laxmikanth