Explanation: All processes that move, elevate or build up portions of the earth’s crust come under diastrophism. They include:

1. orogenic processes involving mountain building through severe folding and affecting long and narrow belts of the earth’s crust;
2. epeirogenic processes involving uplift or warping of large parts of the earth’s crust;
3. Earthquakes involving relatively minor local movements;
4. Plate tectonics involve horizontal movements of crustal plates.

Source: NCERT – Fundamental of Physical Geography