Q. Which of the following rights are available against both the state and private individuals?
1. Right to Equality under Article 14.
2. Abolition of untouchability under Article 17
3. Prohibition of traffic in human beings and forced labour under Article 23
4. Prohibition of discrimination under Article 15
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
Exp) Option c is the correct answer.
Statement 1 is incorrect: Right to equality under Article 14 says that the state shall not deny to any person equality before law or the equal protection of the laws within the territory of India. Thus, this right is available only against the state but not the private individuals.
Statement 2 is correct: The supreme court held that the right under Article 17 is available against private individuals also and it is the constitutional obligation of the state to take necessary action to ensure that this right is not violated.
Statement 3 is correct: Article 23 prohibits traffic in human beings, beggar (forced labour) and other similar forms of forced labour. It protects the individual not only against the state but also against private persons. Statement 4 is correct: Article 15 prohibits the state and individuals both from discriminating any citizen only on the ground of religion, race, sex, place of birth or any of them in having access to public places such as parks, clubs, wells, tanks or roads maintained out of the state’s funds.
| Important Tips Article 15, 17, 23 and 24 are available against private individuals/corporations and state while rest other rights are available against only state. |
