Q. Which of the following statements with regard to ancient Indian philosophical traditions is/are correct?
1.Astika schools are defined by their acceptance of the authority of the Vedas, whereas Nastika schools reject Vedic authority.
2.Ajivika, Charvaka, Jainism, and Buddhism form part of the non-Vedic Shramana tradition.
3.Shad-Darsanas comprise six heterodox schools that reject the existence of the soul and liberation.
Select the answer using the code given below:
Answer: A
Notes:
Explanation:
- Statement 1 is correct: In classical Indian philosophy, Astika denotes systems that accept Vedic authority, while Nastika denotes systems that reject Vedic authority.
- Statement 2 is correct: The Shramana movement included ascetic traditions like Buddhism, Jainism, Ajivika, and Charvaka, operating independently of Brahmanical orthodoxy.
- Statement 3 is incorrect: The Shad-Darsanas (Samkhya, Yoga, Nyaya, Vaisheshika, Mimamsa, Vedanta) are the six orthodox (Astika) schools, all of which acknowledge Vedic authority and aim for spiritual liberation (Moksha).
