Exp) option a is the correct answer.

The Nature Restoration Law (NRL) is a landmark environmental regulation enacted by the European Union (EU). It aims to halt and reverse the degradation of ecosystems across the EU, addressing both climate change and biodiversity loss.

Key Features of the NRL:

• Legally Binding Targets: The law sets binding targets to restore degraded ecosystems, particularly those with high potential to capture and store carbon and to prevent and reduce the impact of natural disasters.
• Restoration Goals: Member States are required to implement restoration measures covering at least 20% of the EU’s land and sea areas by 2030.
• Ecosystem Focus: The law emphasizes restoring wetlands, rivers, forests, grasslands, marine ecosystems, and the species they host to increase biodiversity and secure ecosystem services like water and air purification, crop pollination, and flood protection.
• Climate and Biodiversity Commitments: The NRL supports the EU’s commitment to climate neutrality by 2050 and aligns with international biodiversity commitments under the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework.

Source: https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/op-ed/the-case-for-a-nature-restoration-law-in-india/article68780219.ece#:~:text=The%20degradation%20of%20natural%20ecosystems,restoration%20fully%20restored%20by%202050.