Q. With reference to British policies in the late 19th century, consider the following statements:
1.Lord Lytton reduced the maximum age for the Indian Civil Service (ICS) from 21 to 19 years to intentionally discourage Indian candidates.
2.The Ilbert Bill controversy arose because Europeans in India fiercely opposed the idea of being tried by Indian judges.
3.Racial arrogance was limited to social clubs and did not manifest in official legislative or administrative policies.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
Answer: A
Notes:
Explanation:
- Statement 1: Correct. This was a major point of grievance and led to the ICS agitation by the Indian Association.
- Statement 2: Correct. The “white mutiny” against the Ilbert Bill (1883) taught Indians the power of organized protest.
- Statement 3: Incorrect. Racialism was systemic, appearing in policies like the Arms Act of 1878, which exempted Europeans but required Indians to have licenses.
