Q. With reference to Calendars, consider the following statements:
1. Gregorian calendar is the calendar used in most of the world.
2. Saka Calendar, which was based on the lunisolar system, was adopted as the National Calendar of India in 1957.
3. In lunar calendars months are lunar, but years are solar.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Statement 1 is correct: Gregorian calendar is the calendar used in most of the world. It was introduced in 1582 by Pope Gregory XIII as a minor modification of the Julian calendar. The calendar is based on the solar cycle.
Statement 2 is correct: Kushana king Kanishka is believed to have created a calendar that came to be known as the Saka Calendar. It is based on the lunisolar system. It was adopted as the National Calendar of India in 1957 after recommendation by a committee headed by eminent scientist Meghnad Saha.
Statement 3 is incorrect: In Lunar calendars, the dating system is based on a year consisting of synodic months—i.e., complete cycles of phases of the Moon. It is in the lunisolar calendar, months are lunar, but years are solar.
