With reference to land reforms in post-independence India, consider the following statements: 1. Land reforms primarily focused on the abolition of intermediaries and the introduction of land ceilings. 2. Land ceiling legislation faced hurdles due to legal challenges and exploitation of loopholes by big landlords. 3. Land reforms were equally successful across all Indian states. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? |ForumIAS

[A] 1 and 2 only

[B] 2 and 3 only

[C] 1 and 3 only

[D] 1, 2, and 3

Answer: A

Notes:

Explanation:

Land reforms focused on abolishing intermediaries and enforcing land ceilings, but big landlords delayed and evaded reforms.
Land reforms were successful mainly in Kerala and West Bengal, not uniformly across all states.

Source- 12th NCERT: Economics: Macroeconomics

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