With reference to the evolution of the police system in British India, consider the following statements: 1. The Indian Police Act of 1861 established a uniform police structure across provinces with ranks such as Inspector General, Deputy Inspector General, and Superintendent of Police. 2. The Police Commission of 1902–03 recommended promotion of junior police officials to senior positions and restricted village-level police inquiries. 3. Under Lord Cornwallis, a regular police force was organised with the daroga system under the supervision of a district Superintendent of Police. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? |ForumIAS

[A] 1 and 2 only

[B] 1 and 3 only

[C] 2 and 3 only

[D] 1, 2 and 3

Answer: B

Notes:

Explanation:

The Indian Police Act of 1861, following the 1860 Police Commission, introduced a uniform police hierarchy—Inspector General at the provincial level, Deputy Inspector General at the range level, and SP at the district level.
The 1902–03 Police Commission under Andrew Frazer discouraged promotion of junior police officials to senior posts and recommended allowing policemen to make village inquiries—not restricting them.
In 1791, Lord Cornwallis organised a regular police system, establishing thanas under Indian darogas, with a Superintendent of Police (SP) heading each district, marking a significant modernisation step.

Source: Spectrum’s A Brief History of Modern India.

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