Q. With reference to the Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI), how many of the following statements are correct?
1.It was launched by the World Health Organization (WHO).
2.The launch of EPI has helped in eradicating measles globally.
3.On the lines of EPI, India also launched its indigenous immunization programme known as Universal Immunization Programme (UIP).
4.Herd immunity contribute to the success of EPI programs by protecting individuals who are unable to receive vaccinations.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
Explanation –
Statements 1, 3 and 4 are correct. The Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI) was launched by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 1974 to increase global vaccination coverage against six major preventable diseases (Diphtheria, Pertussis, Tetanus, Polio, Measles, Tuberculosis (TB)). However, now it has been expanded over 13 diseases. India launched its own indigenous immunization program, the Universal Immunization Programme (UIP), in 1985, drawing inspiration from the EPI. The UIP aims to protect children and mothers against various preventable diseases by providing free vaccines. Herd immunity, achieved when a significant proportion of a population is vaccinated, plays a crucial role in the success of EPI programs.
Statement 2 is incorrect. While EPI has been successful in increasing immunization coverage and significantly reducing the incidence of measles, the disease has not been eradicated globally. The only human infectious disease that has been successfully eradicated globally is smallpox.
Source: The Hindu
