Q. With reference to the mechanism of weather during the Indian summer season, consider the following statements:
1.The Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) shifts northwards and aligns roughly parallel to the Himalayas by July.
2.The westerly jet stream strengthens over the Indian subcontinent during the summer monsoon.
3.The southwesterly winds responsible for the monsoon originate from a maritime tropical airmass crossing the equator.
Which of the above statements are correct?
Quarterly-SFG-Jan-to-March
Red Book

[A] 1, only

[B] 2 only

[C] 1 and 3 only

[D] 1, 2, and 3

Answer: C
Notes:

Explanation:

  • The ITCZ shifts northward and aligns roughly parallel to the Himalayas between 20°N and 25°N by mid-July.
  • The westerly jet stream withdraws from the Indian region during summer, it does not strengthen.
  • The maritime tropical airmass from the southern hemisphere crosses the equator and moves in a southwesterly direction, bringing monsoon winds.

Source: India Physical Environment (Class 11th NCERT)

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