Explanation –

Statements 1 and 2 are correct. Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations is an international treaty signed in 1961. It aims to put forth a framework for diplomatic interactions between independent nations and aims to ensure the development of friendly relations among nations. The convention formalizes the longstanding practice of diplomatic immunity. It grants diplomatic missions’ privileges that enable diplomats to perform their functions without fear of coercion or harassment by the host country. It promotes and protects the rights and privileges of diplomatic missions and their personnel.

The Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations only applies to diplomatic relations between states. It does not cover relations between international organizations or non-state actors. This is because:

International organizations have their own set of rules and regulations governing their relations with states and other international organizations. These rules and regulations are typically set out in the constituent instruments of the organizations themselves. For example, the Charter of the United Nations establishes the rules and regulations governing the relations between the United Nations and its member states.

Non-state actors do not have the same legal status as states or international organizations. They are not bound by the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations or other treaties that govern diplomatic relations between states. However, non-state actors may still have diplomatic relations with states or international organizations. These relations are typically governed by informal agreements or arrangements.

Source: ForumIAS