Terrorism and its evolving tactics

Source: The post terrorism and its evolving tactics has been created, based on the article “Keeping a watch on the growing arc of violence” published in “The Hindu” on 10th February 2025.

UPSC Syllabus Topic: GS Paper3-Security – Terrorism

Context: The article discusses global instability, ongoing wars, and the failure of international bodies to prevent conflicts. It highlights the resurgence of Islamist terrorism, the growing digital radicalization, and recent terror attacks. It warns of a potential new wave of terrorism using advanced technology.

For detailed information on Counter terrorism policies read this article here

What Is the Current Global Situation?

1. Wars and Conflicts: Violence continues in Europe and West Asia. The Ukraine war is prolonged, and Gaza faces heavy attacks by Israel.
2. Failing Global Institutions: The UN Security Council and the International Court of Justice are ineffective.
3. Rise of Terrorism: Islamist terrorism is evolving with digital tools. Al-Qaeda has resumed training in Afghanistan.
4. Future Threats: Terror groups use Artificial Intelligence to recruit and spread extremist ideologies.

What Are the Recent Terror Incidents in the U.S.?

1. In January, an explosion occurred in a Tesla cyber truck outside a hotel where Donald Trump was staying.
2. On New Year’s Day, a man drove a truck into a crowd in New Orleans, killing 14 people. He had an IS flag on his vehicle.
3. U.S. intelligence has also foiled a terror plot in Virginia.

What is the status of Islamist Terrorism?

1. Status of Islamist Terrorism

• Islamist terrorism remains a significant threat globally.
• It is evolving with modern technology, especially through online radicalization.
• Groups like al-Qaeda and ISIS continue to adapt and decentralize operations.

2. Evolve Over Time

• Started gaining prominence in 1979 with Sunni and Shia militant movements.
• Radicalization led to the creation of global jihad movements like al-Qaeda and ISIS.
• Shifts in tactics are evident as jihadist groups now use digital platforms to spread their ideologies.

3. Comeback

• Al-Qaeda has resumed operations in Taliban-run Afghanistan.
• The Islamic State in Khorasan Province is expanding its reach beyond Afghanistan and Pakistan.
• Recent attacks in various countries signal a resurgence of terrorist activities.
• Small-scale attacks in the West raise concerns about a new wave of terrorism.

Is Peace in West Asia a Reality or an Illusion?

1. False Peace: The illusion of peace in West Asia is highlighted by ongoing wars in Gaza and Lebanon. The United States and Israel believe they have diminished Iran’s influence, promoting a false sense of stability.
2. Underlying Instability: Despite surface calm, underground activities and resistance movements remain active, indicating unresolved conflicts and potential future unrest.
3. Pyrrhic Victory: Current victories in the region are described as ‘pyrrhic,’ meaning they are achieved at too great a cost to be beneficial, suggesting that the supposed peace could be temporary and unstable.
4. Uncertain Impact: The long-term impact of these conflicts and interventions by external powers like the United States is still uncertain, hinting at a fragile peace that could easily unravel.

Why Are Experts Worried?

Experts warn that terrorists are using new technologies. Artificial Intelligence and social media are helping spread extremist ideologies. Security agencies believe early action is needed to stop another wave of attacks. Ignoring these warnings could lead to more violence worldwide.

Question for practice:

Evaluate the resurgence of Islamist terrorism and its evolving tactics in the modern world.