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News: Countries are currently assembled in Colombia for the 16th Conference of Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity. This is the first meeting after the landmark Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework was concluded at COP15 in Montreal in 2022.
1. Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD): It is the international legal instrument which aims to protect global biodiversity, restore natural ecosystem, and ensure that the benefits from the world’s biological resources are equitably distributed.
2. It is one of the outcomes of 1992 Rio Earth Summit.
3. Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework: It lays down 4 goals and 23 targets to be achieved collectively by 2030, including the 30×30 target.
4. 30×30 target is the commitment to put at least 30% of the world’s land and water under conservation by 2020, and to initiate restoration work in at least 30% of degraded land or marine ecosystems by 2030.
5. The High Seas Treaty (also called Agreement on Biodiversity Beyond National Jurisdiction) is one of the major steps in meeting the 30×30 target.
6. Under Kunming-Montreal Framework, countries are required to prepare and submit National Biodiversity Strategies and Action Plans (NBSAPs).
