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News: Following the devastating floods and landslides in Kerala’s Wayanad district in July 2024, the Union Ministry of Earth Sciences has approved the installation of an X- band radar in the district.
1. Radar: It stands for radio detection and ranging. It functions by utilising radio waves to detect and locate the objects, measure their distance, speed, and direction.
2. Doppler Radar: Also known as weather radar, it utilises doppler effect to measure the velocity of objects, particularly in motion. It is often used to monitor weather conditions, anticipate new wind patterns, formation of storms etc.
3. X- band radar: It emits radiation in the X-band of the electromagnetic spectrum: 8-12 GHz. It is preferred because of its high resolution, enhanced detection, adaptability.
4. NISAR Satellite: It stands for NASA-ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar, that is being jointly developed by NASA and ISRO. It will utilise radar imaging to produce a high-resolution map of the earth’s landmasses.
5. NISAR satellite will have multiple benefits like measuring Earth’s changing ecosystems, providing information about biomass, natural hazards, sea level rise, groundwater, estimating soil moisture etc.
