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- According to a Human Rights Watch report, Chinese authorities have been using a mobile app for mass surveillance to profile, investigate and detain Muslims in Xinjiang by labelling completely lawful behaviour as suspicious. This has put the Muslims in the region at risk of being penalised or sent to re-education camps.
- Human Rights Watch had previously reported that Xinjiang authorities use a mass surveillance system called the Integrated Joint Operations Platform (IJOP). The system seeks to gather information from multiple sources, such as facial-recognition cameras, WiFi sniffers, police checkpoints, banking records and home visits.
- China has also been alleged of preparing a DNA database for surveillance against Uighurs and other predominantly Muslim ethnic minorities in the Xinjiang region.
- Xinjiang is an administrative region in north-western China. The population in Xinjiang is predominantly Uighurs who are ethnically Turkic Muslims.
- In response to large-scale ethnic rioting and attacks in Xinjiang since 2009, China has enhanced security in the region to combat terrorism, extremism and separatism.
- China has been repeatedly accused of detaining Uighur Muslims and other Muslim groups in the western Xinjiang region. However, China has always maintained that there are no internment camps. China has advocated that people in Xinjiang are receiving “vocational training” in “re-education camps”
- Human Rights Watch is an international non-governmental organization that conducts research and advocacy on human rights. It is headquartered in New York City, USA.



