10 PM Daily Current Affairs Quiz | April 16 2021

The United Nations Secretary General has called for the first ever UN Food Systems Summit to be held in September 2021 to strategize the actions for positive change in Agri-food systems in the Worldto realize the vision of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. The Summit will focus on levers and pathways to shape food systems nationally and globally to accelerate progress in the SDGs.

# The term “food system” refers to the constellation of activities involved in producing, processing, transporting and consuming food.

UNFPA’s 2021 flagship State of World Population report has been released recently. The report shows that in countries where data are available:

–Only 55 per cent of women are fully empowered to make choices over health care, contraception and the ability to say yes or no to sex.

–Only 71 per cent of countries guarantee access to overall maternity care.

–Only 75 per cent of countries legally ensure full, equal access to contraception.

–Only about 80 per cent of countries have laws supporting sexual health and well-being.

–Only about 56 per cent of countries have laws and policies supporting comprehensive sexuality education.

The Union Government on 13th April 2021 had approved a significant streamlining and fast tracking of regulatory system for COVID-19 vaccines approved for restricted use by US FDA, EMA, UK MHRA, PMDA Japan or which are listed in WHO Emergency Use Listing (EUL). DCGI will issue permission for Restricted Use in Emergency situation with, inter-alia, the following conditions:

–Vaccine shall be used as per the guidelines prescribed under National Covid-19 Vaccination Programme.

–First 100 beneficiaries of such vaccines shall be assessed for 7 days for safety outcomes before it is rolled out for further Vaccination program.

–Applicant shall initiate conduct of post approval bridging clinical trials within 30 days of such approval.

The Central Government had notified the structure of the National Startup Advisory Council to advise the Government on measures needed to build a strong ecosystem for nurturing innovation and startups in the country to drive sustainable economic growth and generate large scale employment opportunities.

It is chaired by Minster for Commerce & Industry. The Council consists of the non-official members, to be nominated by Central Government, from various categories.

# Minister of Commerce & Industry Shri Piyush Goyal recently chaired the first meeting of National Startup Advisory Council (NSAC).

Statement 1 is incorrect. National Internet Exchange of India (NIXI) is a not-for-profit organization (section 8 of the Companies Act 2013).

Statement 2 is correct. It is working since 2003 for spreading the internet infrastructure to the citizens of India through the following activities:

— Internet Exchanges through which the internet data is exchanged amongst ISP’s, Data Centers and CDNs.

— .IN Registry, managing and operation of .IN country code domain and .भारत IDN domain for India.

— IRINN, managing and operating Internet protocol (IPv4/IPv6).

Statement 1 is correct. The EatSmart Cities Challenge aims to motivate Smart Cities to develop a plan that supports a healthy, safe and sustainable food environment supported by institutional, physical, social, and economic infrastructure along with the application of ‘smart’ solutions to combat food related issues.

Statement 2 is incorrect. Shri Hardeep S Puri, MoS (I/C), Housing and Urban Affairs launched the EatSmart Cities Challenge and Transport 4 All Challengeat an online event recently.

The ‘Eat Right India’ movement initiated by FSSAI under the aegis of Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, has gone a long way in creating awareness amongst the people about eating safe, healthy and sustainably. The launch event of EatSmart Cities Challenge today was organized in association with Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) under the aegis of Ministry of Health and Family Welfare.

Statement 1 is incorrect. It is not an antibody test. The RT-PCR test detects the genetic material of the virus. RT-PCR (reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction) is the most sensitive technique for mRNA detection and quantitation currently available.

Statement 2 is correct. A sample is collected from the parts of the body where the COVID-19 virus gathers, such as a person’s nose or throat. The sample is treated with several chemical solutions that remove substances such as proteins and fats and that extract only the RNA present in the sample. This extracted RNA is a mix of the person’s own genetic material and, if present, the virus’s RNA.

A virus is a microscopic package of genetic material surrounded by a molecular envelope. This genetic material can be either deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) or ribonucleic acid (RNA).

DNA is a two-strand molecule that is found in all organisms, such as animals, plants and viruses, and which holds the genetic code, or blueprint, for how these organisms are made and develop.

RNA is generally a one-strand molecule that copies, transcribes and transmits parts of the genetic code to proteins so that they can synthetize and carry out functions that keep organisms alive and developing. Different variations of RNA are responsible for copying, transcribing and transmitting.

Pterosaurs are reptiles that are close cousins of dinosaurs, the first animals after insects to evolve powered flight. Pterosaurs disappeared 66 million years ago in the asteroid collision that also doomed the dinosaurs. While starting relatively small, pterosaurs eventually achieved huge dimensions, with wingspans reaching 35 feet (10.7 meters).

Azhdarchid pterosaurs, the giant reptiles that flew in the skies nearly 65 million years ago, had necks longer than that of a giraffe (on average a giraffe’s neck is about 6 feet long). Now, researchers have reported a new finding about their long necks — that the thin neck vertebrae were supported by an intricate internal structure that is unlike anything seen before.

# The results of their study were published in the journal iScience recently.

Pobitora Wildlife Sanctuary, situated in the flood plains of River Brahmaputra in the district of Morigaon, Assam. It is nestled in the grasslands of Assam which is the dwelling place of the Greater Indian One-Horned Rhinoceroses with its highest population in the whole world.

The ambitious Indian Rhino Vision 2020 (IRV2020) came to a close recently with the release of two rhinos — an adult male and a female — in Assam’s Manas National Park transported from Pobitora Wildlife Sanctuary about 185 km to the east.