Daily Quiz: UPSC Prelims Marathon – May 21, 2018

Exp) Statement 1 and 2 are incorrect.

Outcome of Gandhi Irwin pact were as follows:

1) Gandhi agreed to discontinue the Civil Disobedience movement, on behalf of the Indian National Congress.

2) Congress agreed to join the second Round Table Conference to chalk out the constitutional reforms if:

• The British Government released all political prisoners, except those guilty of violence.
• The British Government agreed to permit some people living at the sea cost to collect duty free salt.
• The British Government agreed to let the people picket peacefully, the shops that sold liquor

Exp) Only statement 2 is incorrect.

Elections were held in 11 provinces, The Indian National Congress emerged victorious in eight of the provinces – the three exceptions being Bengal, Punjab, and Sindh.

The All-India Muslim League failed to form the government in any province

Only statement a is correct.

Working class movement got great impetus from the rise of communist block within and outside congress.

Workers and Peasants Parties (WPP) was formed in 1927 while All India trade union congress (AITUC) was formed in 1920.

Lala Lajpat Rai was first president of All India trade union congress (AITUC).

AITUC was formed to not only organise workers, make them class conscious but to participate in National movement for attainment of Swaraj.

Only statement 3 is incorrect.

Ahmedabad Mill strike-In March 1918, under the leadership of Gandhi, there was a strike in the cotton mills for hike in Plague bonus. In this strike Gandhi used the weapon of Hunger strike. The result was that the strike was successful and the workers got 35% wage increase.

Rowlatt Satyagraha- founded Satyagraha Sabhas whose members would disobey the act and get themselves arrested.

Champaran Satyagraha-fought for the rights of peasants growing the Indigo under the tinakathia system.

Under the tinakathia system the peasants were bound to plant 3 out of 20 parts of his land with indigo for his landlord.

Realising Gandhi’s strength and devotion to the cause, the British government made Gandhi a member of an enquiry committee constituted to look into the excesses committed by landlords and planters

Anushilan Samiti

The Anushilan Samiti was a Bengali Indian organisation that existed in the first quarter of the twentieth century.

It propounded revolutionary violence as the means for ending British rule in India.

The organisation was involved in the Alipore conspiracy, the Chittagong armoury raid, and other attempts against the administration in British India and Raj officials.

People associated with this samiti were Sri Aurobindo, Deshabandhu Chittaranjan Das, Surendranath Tagore etc.

President of congress and Respective year of congress session.

(a) Abul Kalam Azad  -1940 to 1946

(b) J. B. Kripalani-1947

(c) Pattabhi Sitaraimayya -1948,1949

(d) Jawaharlal Nehru -1928,1929,1930,1936,1937

Other facts

Annie Besant was the first woman president of INC on 1917 whereas, Sarojini Naidu was the first Indian woman president -1925.

In 1925, the taluka of Bardoli in Gujarat suffered from floods and famine, causing crop production to suffer and leaving farmers facing great financial troubles. However, the government of the Bombay Presidency had raised the tax rate by 30% that year, and despite petitions from civic groups, refused to cancel the rise in the face of the calamities.

The movement was eventually led by Vallabhbhai Patel, and its success gave rise to Patel becoming one of the main leaders of the independence movement.