Quantum gates

Source-This post is based on the article “Quantum gates: Devices that translate quantum effects to computing awesomeness” published in “The Hindu” on 19th August 2023.

Why in the News?

This article discusses about quantum gates and its technological applications.

What are Quantum Gates?

1) Quantum gates are fundamental components in quantum computing that manipulate quantum bits or qubits.
Note– A bit, short for binary digit, is the smallest unit of information storage.

2) These gates perform operations on qubits, allowing the creation of quantum circuits that execute complex calculations.

3) Unlike classical bits in traditional computing, which can only be in a state of 0 or 1, qubits can exist in superpositions of both states simultaneously.

4) Quantum gates enable the implementation of quantum algorithms by performing operations such as the application of quantum logic gates like Hadamard gates, CNOT (controlled NOT) gates, and others.

What are the key applications of Quantum gates in quantum computing?

1) Quantum Circuits: Quantum gates are used to construct quantum circuits, analogous to classical circuits in traditional computers.

2) Quantum Algorithms: Quantum gates play a vital role in implementing quantum algorithms, such as Shor’s algorithm for integer factorization and Grover’s algorithm for unstructured search problems.

3) Quantum Machine Learning: Quantum gates are explored for applications in quantum machine learning algorithms.

What is Quantum Computing?

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