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Source- This post on Northern Bald Ibis has been created based on the article “How conservationists are helping once-extinct birds find lost migration routes” published in “Indian Express” on 30th August 2024.
Why in News?
The Waldrapp, also known as the Northern Bald Ibis, has been on the brink of extinction over the past few decades. However, conservationists have recently employed an innovative method known as the “Airborne Foster Parents Approach” to reintroduce these birds into the wild.
About Northern Bald Ibis
| Aspects | Description |
| About | The Waldrapp, also known as the Northern Bald Ibis, is a unique and rare bird with a distinctive look and important conservation status. |
| Physical Features | 1. It is a Medium-sized bird, about 70 to 80 cm long. It has a wingspan ranging from 125 to 135 cm. 2. It has a bald red head and a long, curved red bill. 3. Its feathers are mostly black with a shiny green or purple tint. |
| Location | It was originally found across Europe, North Africa, and the Middle East. Now, they are mostly found in small areas of Morocco and Turkey. |
| Habitat | They prefer semi-dry areas near rivers or coastal cliffs and like open spaces with little vegetation to find food easily. |
| Behavior and Diet | 1. Thet lives in groups and is known for its grunting and croaking sounds. 2. They feed mainly on the ground, using its long bill to find insects, worms, and other small animals. Sometimes, they also eat small reptiles, amphibians, and plants. |
| Breeding | They breed in colonies, often on cliffs or high places. They also build nests with sticks and lines them with grass. They form strong, lasting pairs with a single mate. |
| Cultural Importance | 1. In Morocco, they are considered a sacred bird by some communities. 2. In ancient Egypt, they are associated with the god Thoth, symbolizing wisdom and knowledge. |
| Conservation status | They are listed as “Endangered” due to major population declines. |
| Conservation effort | 1. Threats include habitat loss, hunting, pesticide use, and human disturbance. 2. Conservation efforts include habitat protection, captive breeding, and reintroduction programs. 3. Successful reintroduction efforts have been done in countries like Austria, Italy, and Spain. |
Airborne Foster Parents Approach
This approach was inspired by the 1996 film “Fly Away Home.” Conservationists adopted a strategy using ultralight aircraft to guide young birds along their migration routes.
UPSC Syllabus: Environment
