Daily Quiz: UPSC Prelims Marathon – December 6, 2018

Explanation:

• Once infected with a herpes virus you ll have this infection for life. Your body becomes a permanent host. Nourishing this virus without a cure. Although your herpes infection is incurable, its not always active. Herpes virus is notorious for being inactive (latent) in peripheral nerve cells. So hidden that you may never know youve been infected.
• Genital Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) infection is a sexually transmitted disease. Most who become infected with HPV will not have any symptoms and will clear the infection on their own. With genital HPV infection, many do not even know they are infected. The virus lives in the skin or mucous membranes and usually causes no symptoms.
• Gonorrhea, a sexually transmitted disease (STD), is caused by bacteria that thrives and multiplies in warm, moist places. In both men and women, it can infect your eyes, anus, throat, mouth, urethra.
• Conjunctivitis, also known as pinkeye, is an inflammation of the conjunctiva. The conjunctiva is the thin clear tissue that lies over the white part of the eye and lines the inside of the eyelid.

Explanation:

All are correctly matched

Explanation:

All organisms are now classified into three major domains

1. Archaebacteria are thermophilic or heat loving bacteria that live in high temperature vents.
2. Eubacteria are single celled organisms without well developed nucleus.
3. Eukarya are all other organisms with a well formed nucleus in their cell/cells. (Eu: true; Karyon : nucleus)

Explanation:

X Rays – X-rays were discovered by William Roentgen. He produced these rays by bombarding electron to an element having high atomic number say Tungsten or Copper. X-rays can carry enough energy to ionize atoms and disrupt molecular bonds.

Radiography is the use of X-rays to view a non- uniformly composed material such as the human body. By using the physical properties of the ray an image can be developed which displays areas of different density and composition.

Explanation:

The human skin is composed of a minimum of 3 major layers of tissue: Epidermis: Thin, tough, outer layer made up of epithelial cells & it does not

contain blood vessels. Stratum corneum is the outermost portion of the epidermis, prevents most bacteria, viruses, and other foreign substances from entering the body Melanocytes produce the pigment melanin, function is to filter out ultraviolet radiation from sunlight

Langerhans cells are part of the skin’s immune system which helps detect foreign substances and defend the body against infection. Dermis: Thick layer of fibrous and elastic that gives the skin its flexibility and strength. Contains nerve endings, sweat glands and oil (sebaceous) glands, hair follicles, and blood vessels Sweat glands produce sweat in response to heat and stress.  The sebaceous glands secrete sebum into hair follicles. Sebum is oil that keeps the skin moist and soft and acts as a barrier against foreign substances. The blood vessels of the dermis provide nutrients to the skin and help regulate body temperature. Hypodermis: Its purpose is to attach the skin to underlying bone and muscle as well as supplying it with blood vessels and nerves

Explanation:

• Arthritis: Inflammation of joints.
• Osteoporosis: Age-related disorder characterized by decreased bone mass and increased chances of fractures. Decreased levels of estrogen is a common cause.
• Gout: Inflammation of joints due to accumulation of uric acid crystals.

Explanation:

The Australian Group : A. The Australia Group is an informal group to help member countries identify those exports which need to be controlled so as not to contribute to the spread of chemical and biological weapons.

1. It has 42 members including the European Commission, all 28 member states of the European Union, Ukraine, and Argentina.
2. Members of the group maintain export controls on a uniform list of 54 compounds, including several that are not prohibited for export under the Chemical Weapons Convention, but can be used in the manufacture of chemical  weapons.
3. The group follows two policies- ―no undercut and ―catch all.
4. The “no-undercut” requirement, states that any member of the group considering making an export to another state that had already been denied an export by any other member of the group must first consult with that member state before approving the export. F. “Catch-all” provision, which requires member states to halt all exports that could be used by importers in chemical or biological weapons programs, regardless of whether the export is on the group’s control lists.
5. Members meet every year in Paris.