Daily Quiz: UPSC Prelims Marathon – April 12, 2019

Mustard, wheat are Rabi crops. Whereas Cotton, Groundunt, Maize are Kharif crops.

Damodar Valley Corporation (DVC) is the first multipurpose river valley project of independent Indian, in 1948, on the river Damodar the DVC’s main projects include four dams at Maitho, Panchet and Konar, with connected hydroelectric power stations, Thermal Power Station at Bokarow, Chandrapura, Durgapura, Mejia and also one gas turbine.

Biosphere reserve is declared to conserve some representative ecosystems as a whole for long term in sites. Since 1970, legislations like wildlife protections Act are used to specify borders of National park and wild life sanctuary.

Biosphere reserve is an environment sensitive area with protected status managed primarily to preserve biodiversity of natural ecological conditions and its sustainable use. Each Biosphere Reserve is intended to contribute to the conservation of landscapes, ecosystems species and genetic variation.

There are three zone in a wild life sanctuary-core zone (no interference allowed), buffer zone (eco-development and forest improvement, regulated pilgrimage, research activities are allowed) and tourism zone (tourism is allowed)

A biodiversity hotspot is biogeographical regions that is both a significant reservoir of biodiversity and is threatened with destructions. Biodiversity hotspots are areas that support natural ecosystem that a largely intact and where native species and communities associated with these ecosystems are well presented. They are also areas a high diversity of locally endemic species, which all species that all not found or are rarely outside the hotspot.

Western Himalayas and Andaman and Nicobar island are not biodiversity hotspots. Hotspots are also located in temperate region eg. California floristic province, Japanese island.

Satpura range commences from Rajpipla hills in west, through Mahadeo hills, it extends Maikala range I n the east. Sahayadris are Western Ghats running from Tapti valley to north of Kanyakumari in North-South direction

Jaipur is the nearest city to the Lake Sambhar in Rajasthan Sambhar is India’s largest salt lake.

Upwelling is an oceanographic phenomenon that involves wind-driven motion of dense, cooler and usually nutrient rich water towards the ocean’s surface replacing the warmer, usually nutrient- depleted surface water. The nutrient rich upwelled water stimulates the growth and reproduction of primary producers such as phytoplankton. Due to biomass of phytoplankton and presence of cool water in these regions. Upwelling zones can be identified by cool sea surface temperature (SST) and high concentration of chlorophyll-A the increased availability in upwelling region results in high levels of primary productivity and thus fishery productions. Upwelling that a driven by coastal currents or diverging open oceans have the greatest impact on nutrient- enriched waters and global fishery yields.