Celebrating Indian diaspora achievements and challenges 

Source: The post Celebrating Indian diaspora achievements and challenges has been created, based on the article “Indians abroad: Absence of opportunities remains the main driver of migration” published in “The Hindu” on 14th January 2025 

UPSC Syllabus Topic: GS Paper2- International Relations-Indian diaspora.  

Context: The article highlights the achievements of the Indian diaspora, celebrated at the Pravasi Bharatiya Divas (PBD) event. It stresses the need to address issues faced by the diaspora, including stricter visa policies, global conflicts, and economic challenges driving migration. 

For detailed information on Pravasi Bharatiya Divas (PBD) read this article here 

What is the Pravasi Bharatiya Divas (PBD)? 

1. The Pravasi Bharatiya Divas (PBD) is an event held annually around January 9 to celebrate the achievements of the Indian diaspora. The date marks Mahatma Gandhi’s return to India from South Africa in 1915. 
2. The event started in 2003 and brings together Non-Resident Indians (NRIs) and Persons of Indian Origin (PIOs) to discuss their contributions and challenges. 
3. The latest PBD was held in Bhubaneswar, Odisha, with over 3,000 delegates from 70 countries. President Droupadi Murmu presented 27 Pravasi Bharatiya Samman awards.

How significant is the Indian diaspora? 

1. The Indian diaspora consists of more than 35 million people, including 15.85 million NRIs and 19.57 million PIOs. 
2. They have excelled in various fields, including politics, where leaders of Indian origin head over 30 countries. 
3. Their ability to integrate into local societies while contributing to India’s growth makes them “ambassadors to the world,” as described by Prime Minister Narendra Modi.

What challenges do they face? 

1. Stricter Visa Policies: Far-right populist governments, particularly in the West, impose stricter visa and entry conditions for Indians.
2. Global Conflicts: Over 9 million Indians living in West Asia face risks due to ongoing conflicts, endangering lives and livelihoods.
3. OCI Card Issues: Government actions to deny or revoke OCI cards for critics undermine inclusivity.
4. Economic Pressures: Limited opportunities in India force skilled individuals to migrate, resulting in a brain draindespite their global success.
5. Inadequate Safeguards: Discussions on diaspora protection are limited, affecting their welfare in volatile regions.

How can the PBD become more impactful? 

1. Focus on diaspora issues, such as safeguarding rights and improving conditions for Indians abroad.
2. Promote inclusive and non-partisan ties, avoiding political bias in engagement with the diaspora.
3. Leverage Viksit Bharat Programme: Involve the diaspora in national development initiatives like this programme, which was emphasized at PBD.
4. Celebrate Success: Continue recognizing achievements through Pravasi Bharatiya Samman awards, as done for 27 individuals this year.

Question for practice: 

Examine the significance of the Pravasi Bharatiya Divas (PBD) event in celebrating the achievements of the Indian diaspora and addressing their challenges.