Daily Quiz: UPSC Prelims Marathon- August 10

Explanation:

Application of Liquid Nitrogen:

• Cryotherapy for removing unsightly or potentially malignant skin lesions such as warts and actinic keratosis
• To store cell at low temperature for laboratory work
• for the immersion, freezing, and transportation of food products
• for the cryopreservatiom of blood, reproductive cells (Sperm and Egg
• To facilitate cryoconservation of animal genetic resources
• To freeze water and oil pipes in order to work on them in situations where a valve is not available to block fluid flow to the work area; this method is known as a cryogenic isolation
• In the process of  promession, a way to dispose of the dead
• To shrink-weld machinery parts together
• as a coolant
• for CCD cameras in astronomy
• For a high-temperature superconductor to a temperature sufficient to achieve superconductivity
• In food preparation, such as for making ultra-smooth ice cream

Important Learning:

Nitrogen has a large expansion ratio. When it evaporates the liquid freezes everything around it and causes oxygen deficiency. The expansion can cause stomach to burst.

Consider the following statements about MUNTRA

1.) It is India’s first unmanned tank developed by DRDO

2.) It stands for Mission Unmanned Tracked

3.) Muntra-S has been developed for unmanned surveillance missions, whereas Muntra-M is built for detecting mines.

Which of the above given statement(s) is/are correct?

Explanation:

A concept introduced by the United Nation’s programme on HIV/AIDS in 2013, 90-90-90 is a set of goals. The idea is that by 2020, 90% of people who are HIV infected will be diagnosed, 90% of people who are diagnosed will be on antiretroviral treatment and 90% of those who receive antiretrovirals will be virally suppressed. Viral suppression  is when a person’s viral load – or the amount of virus in an HIV-positive person’s blood – is reduced to an undetectable level.

Statement 1 is incorrect:

Unlike normal matter, dark matter does not interact with the electromagnetic force. This means it does not absorb, reflect or emit light, making it extremely hard to spot. In fact, researchers have been able to infer the existence of dark matter only from the gravitational effect it seems to have on visible matte

Statement 2 is incorrect:

Dark matter seems to outweigh visible matter roughly six to one, making up about 27% of the universe. The matter we know and that makes up all stars and galaxies only accounts for 5% of the content of the universe

Explanation:

Measles is caused by Virus not Bacteria

Important Leaning:

Measles:

Measles is an infectious disease caused by a virus. It spreads easily from person to person. It causes a blotchy red rash

Gonorrhea:

Gonorrhea, also spelled gonorrhoea, is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by the bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae

Leprosy:

Leprosy, also known as Hansen’s disease (HD), is a long-term infection by the bacteria Mycobacterium leprae or Mycobacterium lepromatosis

Cholera:

Cholera is an acute enteric infection caused by the ingestion of bacterium Vibrio cholerae present in faecally contaminated water or food

Explanation:

Both the statement is incorrect because Androgen and Estrogen hormone is present in both male and female

Androgens and estrogens are hormones. Estrogens are produced by the body in greater amounts in females. They are necessary for normal sexual development of the female and for regulation of the menstrual cycle during the childbearing years. Androgens are produced by the body in greater amounts in males. However, androgens are also present in females in small amounts.

Explanation:

Statement B is incorrect:

The Venus satellite (Vegetation and Environment Monitoring New Micro-Satellite) is an earth-observation micro-satellite designed jointly by Israel’s agency and France’s National Centre for Space Studies (CNES)

Important Learning:

The Venus satellite is an earth-observation micro-satellite. It is considered the smallest satellite of its kind in the world. It weighs only 265 kilo…

Venus Satellite has a dual mission-scientific and technological. The scientific mission will monitor Earth’s vegetation using a camera capable of recording 12 narrow spectral bands. The technological mission will test the operation of an innovative electric propulsion system based on the Israeli designed Hall Effect Thrusters (HET). HET is a relatively low power device used to propel a spacecraft after entering orbit or farther out into space.