Daily Quiz: UPSC Prelims Marathon- August 17

Explanation:

Statement 1 is incorrect:

The Global Apollo Programme is a call for a major global science and economics research programme to make carbon-free baseload electricity less costly than electricity from coal by the year 2025.

Statement 2 is incorrect:

Aditya – L1 is the First Indian mission to study the Sun and is not a part of Global Apollo Programme .  Aditya-L1 with additional experiments can now provide observations of Sun’s Photosphere (soft and hard X-ray), Chromosphere (UV) and corona (Visible and NIR).

Explanation:

• One single shot has the power to immunise against five ailments – diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus (DPT), hepatitis B and haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) infections – the difference between life and death for babies.
• The vaccine, developed by Serum Institute of India in Pune, is part of the national immunisation programme and has already been introduced in eight states by the Union ministry of health.
• According to government estimates, over 18 million children in India will get the pentavalent vaccine shots before the year ends.
• The government’s free immunisation programme has been restricted to DPT and hepatitis B vaccines. At present, the vaccine for Hib infections is not a part of it.

Explanation:

A stellar black hole (or stellar-mass black hole) is a black hole formed by the gravitational collapse of a massive star. They have masses ranging from about 5 to several tens of solar masses. The process is observed as a hypernova explosion or as a gamma ray burst. These black holes are also referred to as collapsars.

Explanation:

An autoimmune disease develops when your immune system, which defends your body against disease, decides your healthy cells are foreign. As a result, your immune system attacks healthy cells. Depending on the type, an autoimmune disease can affect one or many different types of body tissue. It can also cause abnormal organ growth and changes in organ function.

The following are some of the more common autoimmune diseases:

Rheumatoid arthritis: inflammation of joints and surrounding tissues

Systemic lupus erythematosus: affects skin, joints, kidneys, brain, and other organs

Celiac disease (sprue): a reaction to gluten (found in wheat, rye, and barley) that causes damage to the lining of the small intestine

Pernicious anemia: a decrease in red blood cell count caused by an inability to absorb vitamin B-12

Vitiligo: white patches on the skin caused by loss of pigment

Scleroderma: a connective tissue disease that causes changes in skin, blood vessels, muscles, and internal organs

Psoriasis: a skin condition that causes redness and irritation as well as thick, flaky, silver-white patches

Inflammatory bowel diseases: a group of inflammatory diseases of the colon and small intestine

Hashimoto’s disease: inflammation of the thyroid gland

Addison’s disease: adrenal hormone insufficiency

Graves’ disease: overactive thyroid gland

Reactive arthritis: inflammation of joints, urethra, and eyes; may cause sores on the skin and mucus membranes

Sjögren syndrome: destroys the glands that produce tears and saliva causing dry eyes and mouth; may affect kidneys and lungs

Type 1 diabetes: destruction of insulin-producing cells in the pancreas

Explanation:

Flavivirus is a genus of viruses in the family Flaviviridae. This genus includes the West Nile virus, dengue virus, tick-borne encephalitis virus, yellow fever virus, Zika virus and several other viruses which may cause encephalitis, as well as insect-specific flaviviruses (ISFs) such as cell fusing agent virus (CFAV), Palm Creek virus (PCV), and Parramatta River virus.

Explanation:

Panama disease is a plant disease that affects roots of banana plants. It is a type of Fusarium wilt, caused by the fungal pathogen Fusarium oxysporum. The pathogen is resistant to fungicide and cannot be controlled chemically.

Explanation:

The above statements is refereed to Bluejacking and not Bluesnarfing

Bluesnarfing is the theft of information from a wireless device through a Bluetooth connection, often between phones, desktops, laptops, and PDAs. This allows access to a calendar, contact list, emails and text messages

Bluejacking: Bluejacking is the sending of unsolicited messages over Bluetooth to Bluetooth-enabled devices such as mobile phones, PDAs or laptop computers, sending a vCard which typically contains a message in the name field

Bluejacking is also confused with Bluesnarfing which is the way in which mobile phones are illegally hacked via Bluetooth.