Daily Quiz: UPSC Prelims Marathon- August 23

Statement 1 is incorrect:

Paying tax is not a fundamental duty.

Fundamental duties are:

• To abide by the constitution and respect its ideal and institutions;
• To cherish and follow the noble ideals which inspired our national struggle for freedom;
• To uphold and protect the sovereignty, unity and integrity of India;
• To defend the country and render national service when called upon to do so;
• To promote harmony and the spirit of common brotherhood amongst all the people of India transcending religious, linguistic and regional diversities, to renounce practices derogatory to the dignity of women;
• To value and preserve the rich heritage of our composite culture;
• To protect and improve the natural environment including forests, lakes, rivers, and wild-life and to have compassion for living creatures;
• To develop the scientific temper, humanism and the spirit of inquiry and reform;to safeguard public property and to abjure violence;
• To strive towards excellence in all spheres of individual and collective activity, so that the nation constantly rises to higher levels of endeavor and achievement.
• Further, one more Fundamental duty has been added to the Indian Constitution by 86th Amendment of the constitution in 2002.who is a parent or guardian , to provide opportunities for education to his child, or as the case may be, ward between the age of six and fourteen years.

Explanation:

As many as five projects are under consideration now for investment in East African countries that will be facilitated under the Supporting Indian Trade and Investment for Africa (SITA) project. The countries covered under it are: Ethopia, Kenya, Uganda, Rwanda and republic of Rwanda. The aim is to catalyze 80 million $ investment by 2020.

Elections to Rajya sabha, follows Proportional representation by single transferable vote, conducted by Election Commission of India.

Statement 2 is incorrect:

They are elected only by elected member of legislative assembly and not nominated members.

Explanation:

Statement 1 is incorrect:

NHRC is an extra-constitutional body.

NHRC is apex statutory watchdog of human rights in the country, i.e. the rights related to life, liberty, equality and dignity of the individual guaranteed by the Constitution or embodied in the international convents. Formed as per the statutory provisions of Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993. It is multimember body consisting of Chairman and four members.

President appoints the Chairman and members of the NHRC on the recommendation of of the high-powered committee headed by the Prime Minister.

Statement 1 is incorrect:

Rajya  Sabha cannot amend or reject a  money bill. It should return to the Lok sabha within 14 days either with recommendations or without recommendations

Statement 2 is incorrect:

A resolution for the discontinuance of the National Emergency can be passed only by Lok Sabha and not Rajya Sabha.

Statement 1 is correct:

PR facilitates minority parties’ access to representation. Unless the threshold is unduly high, or the district magnitude is unusually low, then any political party with even a small percentage of the vote can gain representation in the legislature. This fulfils the principle of inclusion, which can be crucial to stability in divided societies and has benefits for decision making in established democracies, such as achieving a more balanced representation of minorities in decision-making bodies and providing role models of minorities as elected representatives.

Statement 2 is correct

FPTP excludes extremist parties from representation in the legislature. Unless an extremist minority party’s electoral support is geographically concentrated, it is unlikely to win any seats under FPTP. (By contrast, under a List PR system with a single national-level district and a large number of seats, a fraction of 1 per cent of the national vote can ensure representation in the legislature.)

Explanation:

• Crime and Criminal Tracking Network & Systems (CCTNS) is a plan scheme conceived in the light of experience of a non-plan scheme namely – Common Integrated Police Application (CIPA).
• CCTNS is a Mission Mode Project under the National e-Governance Plan of Govt of India.
• CCTNS aims at creating a comprehensive and integrated system for enhancing the efficiency and effectiveness of policing through adopting of principle of e-Governance and creation of a nationwide networking infrastructure for evolution of IT-enabled-state-of-the-art tracking system around ‘Investigation of crime and detection of criminals’.