Daily Quiz: UPSC Prelims Marathon- August 4

Statement 1 is incorrect:

Equator Prize is an initiative of UNDP and not UNEP(United Nation Environment Programme)

It is organized by the Equator Initiative within the United Nations Development Programme(UNDP), is awarded biennially to recognize outstanding community efforts to reduce poverty through the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity.

Statement 2 is correct:

Swayam Shikshan Prayog is one of the 15 winners of Equator Prize 2017 by UNDP. SSP has been selected from 806 nominations from 120 countries for its women led climate resilient agro-ecological farming model and entrepreneurship and has empowered more than 72,000 women in the Marathwada region of India.

Important Learning:

• As sustainable community initiatives take root throughout the tropics, Equator Prize is laying the foundation for a global movement of local successes that are collectively making a contribution to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
• As local and indigenous groups across the tropics demonstrate and exemplify sustainable development, the Equator Prize shines a spotlight on their efforts by celebrating them on an international stage.

Equator Prize winners are selected by an independent Technical Advisory Committee, which assesses nominations based on the following criteria:

• Impact: The extent to which the nominated initiative has resulted in measurable and positive environmental, social and economic impacts, related to two or more Sustainable Development Goals;
• Innovation: The extent to which the nominated initiative demonstrates new approaches and models that overcome prevailing constraints, and could offer fundamentally new approaches to attaining sustainable development;
• Scalability and/or replicability: The extent to which the nominated initiative could be scaled up sub-nationally or nationally and/or, the extent to which the initiative can be replicated within the country and beyond;
• Resilience, Adaptability, and Self-Sufficiency: The extent to which the nominated initiative demonstrates adaptability to environmental, social and economic change, resilience in the face of external pressures, and improved capacity for local self-sufficiency;
  Reduced inequalities: The extent to which the initiative reduces inequalities in income as well as those based on age, sex, disability, race, ethnicity, origin, religion or economic or other status, particular for the poor;
• Social Inclusion: The extent to which the nominated initiative includes youth, elders, indigenous members and other diverse groups in the decision-making processes and the actions that affect them;
• Gender Equality:The extent to which the nominated Initiative promotes the equality and empowerment of women and gilrs;

EXPLANATION:

1. Primary waves or P waves (longitudinal) (fastest)
2. Secondary waves or S waves (transverse) (least destructive)
3. Surface waves or L waves (transverse) (slowest) (most destructive)

Coastal landforms, any of the relief features present along any coast, the result of a combination of processes, sediments, and the geology of the coast itself.

There are two major types of coastal morphology: one is dominated by erosion and the other by deposition. They exhibit distinctly different landforms, though each type may contain some features of the other. In general, erosional coasts are those with little or no sediment, whereas depositional coasts are characterized by abundant sediment accumulation over the long term.

Erosional Landform-Sea cliff, Wave cut platform, sea stacks, sea arches

Depositional Landform: Deltas,Beaches,Coastal dunes,Barriers,spits

Explanation:

• A carbon neutral town will therefore effectively have no carbon footprint and will cease to have any industry or infrastructure project that will likely cause the emission of greenhouse gases.
• Meenangadi, a small town in Wayanad district of Kerala, is the first carbon neutral town in India.
• It adopted green and sustainable practices to ensure zero carbon emissions.
• Supported by the current LDF government, panchayat officials in Meenangadi are taking to planting trees, promoting organic farming and using LPG in crematoriums

Statement 1 is incorrect:

When a large mass of the ocean water moves in a definite path just like a large river on the continent, it is called as a Stream.

Statement 2 is incorrect:

Any large system of rotating ocean current, particularly those involved with large wind movements is called as a Gyre.

GODAVARI:

• Largest river system of the Peninsular India and is next only to the Ganga system in India.
• It originates at Trimbak plateau of north Sahyadri near Nasik (Maharashtra)
• Left bank tributaries; Penganga, Wardha, Wainganga,Indravati and Sabri.
• Right Bank tributaries: Manjra.

Explanation:

• NAFCC is a flagship Scheme of Government of India, which provides 100 per cent grant to the State Governments for implementing climate change adaptation projects.
• The Scheme is designed to fulfill the objectives of National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC) and to operationalize the State Action Plans on Climate Change (SAPCCs).
• These projects address vulnerabilities in climate sensitive sectors like agriculture, animal husbandry, water, forests and coasts among others.
• The project outcomes are expected to increase resilience and adaptive capacity of vulnerable communities and ecosystems against climate change impacts.