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We are Posting Today’s Prelims Marathon
About Prelims Marathon – In this initiative, we post 10 high-quality MCQs daily. Questions are based on the static part of the syllabus. We at ForumIAS believe that practicing these quality questions on a daily basis can boost students’ prelims preparation.
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Daily Quiz: July 24, 2020
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- Question 1 of 10
1. Question
1 pointsCategory: GeographyWhich of the following is/are the characteristics of Igneous Rocks?
- They are hard and compact.
- They are granular and crystalline.
- They are more widespread and constitute about 75% of the surface area of globe.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
Correct
Igneous Rocks – produced by solidification of molten magma from the mantle. Magma that solidifies at the Earth’s surface conceives extrusive or volcanic igneous rocks.
When magma cools and solidifies beneath the surface of the earth intrusive or plutonic igneous rocks are formed.
Characteristics of Igneous rocks are:
- Formed by the cooling and solidification of lava.
- Hard in nature.
- Consists of crystals, hence also called as crystalline rock.
- Examples are Granite and Basalt. These rocks are formed inside as well as on the earth.
- Fossils are not present in this rock.
- Igneous rocks are of two types : a. Extrusive rocks b. Intrusive rocks
- It is non porous rock.
NOTE: Sedimentary rocks are most widespread on the surface of the earth and constitute about 75% of the surface area of globe.
Incorrect
Igneous Rocks – produced by solidification of molten magma from the mantle. Magma that solidifies at the Earth’s surface conceives extrusive or volcanic igneous rocks.
When magma cools and solidifies beneath the surface of the earth intrusive or plutonic igneous rocks are formed.
Characteristics of Igneous rocks are:
- Formed by the cooling and solidification of lava.
- Hard in nature.
- Consists of crystals, hence also called as crystalline rock.
- Examples are Granite and Basalt. These rocks are formed inside as well as on the earth.
- Fossils are not present in this rock.
- Igneous rocks are of two types : a. Extrusive rocks b. Intrusive rocks
- It is non porous rock.
NOTE: Sedimentary rocks are most widespread on the surface of the earth and constitute about 75% of the surface area of globe.
- Question 2 of 10
2. Question
1 pointsWhich of the following rocks is/are NOT sedimentary rocks?
- Loess
- Conglomerate
- Shale
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
Correct
Sedimentary rocks are formed by the accumulation of sediments. There are three basic types of sedimentary rocks.
- Clastic sedimentary rocks such as breccias, conglomerate, sandstone, siltstone, loess and shale are formed from mechanical weathering debris.
- Chemical sedimentary rocks, such as rock salt, iron ore, chert, flint, some dolomites, and some limestone, form when dissolved materials precipitate from solution.
- Organic sedimentary rockssuch as coal, some dolomites, and some lime stones, form from the accumulation of plant or animal debris.
Incorrect
Sedimentary rocks are formed by the accumulation of sediments. There are three basic types of sedimentary rocks.
- Clastic sedimentary rocks such as breccias, conglomerate, sandstone, siltstone, loess and shale are formed from mechanical weathering debris.
- Chemical sedimentary rocks, such as rock salt, iron ore, chert, flint, some dolomites, and some limestone, form when dissolved materials precipitate from solution.
- Organic sedimentary rockssuch as coal, some dolomites, and some lime stones, form from the accumulation of plant or animal debris.
- Question 3 of 10
3. Question
1 pointsThe “Nazca tectonic plate” is related to which of the following?
Correct
The Nazca plate is an oceanic tectonic plate in the southeastern Pacific Ocean that shares both convergent and divergent boundaries, corners multiple triple junctions, contains three seamount chains, overrides four hotspots, and is responsible for the creation of the Andean orogeny.
- Over the last half-century, it has garnered much attention from the scientific and political community due to the hazards it poses to the populated west coast of South America.
- With oblique subduction underneath the South American plate, this active convergent margin is the longest subduction zone in the world, stretching 7500 km and produced the largest earthquake ever recorded on earth, the M 9.5 Valdivia earthquake.
Incorrect
The Nazca plate is an oceanic tectonic plate in the southeastern Pacific Ocean that shares both convergent and divergent boundaries, corners multiple triple junctions, contains three seamount chains, overrides four hotspots, and is responsible for the creation of the Andean orogeny.
- Over the last half-century, it has garnered much attention from the scientific and political community due to the hazards it poses to the populated west coast of South America.
- With oblique subduction underneath the South American plate, this active convergent margin is the longest subduction zone in the world, stretching 7500 km and produced the largest earthquake ever recorded on earth, the M 9.5 Valdivia earthquake.
- Question 4 of 10
4. Question
1 pointsWhich of the following cloud is also known as rain cloud?
Correct
The prefix “nimbo-” or the suffix “-nimbus” are low-level clouds that have their bases below 2,000 meters (6,500 feet) above the Earth.
- Clouds that produce rain and snow fall into this category. (“Nimbus” comes from the Latin word for “rain.”) Two examples are the nimbostratus or cumulonimbus clouds.
- Nimbostratus clouds bring continuous precipitation that can last for many hours. These low-level clouds are full of moisture.
- Cumulonimbus clouds are also called thunderheads. Thunderheads produce rain, thunder, and lightning.
- Many cumulonimbus clouds occur along cold fronts, where cool air is forced under warm air.
- They usually shrink as evening approaches, and moisture in the air evaporates. Cumulonimbus clouds gradually become stratocumulus clouds, which rarely produce rain.
Incorrect
The prefix “nimbo-” or the suffix “-nimbus” are low-level clouds that have their bases below 2,000 meters (6,500 feet) above the Earth.
- Clouds that produce rain and snow fall into this category. (“Nimbus” comes from the Latin word for “rain.”) Two examples are the nimbostratus or cumulonimbus clouds.
- Nimbostratus clouds bring continuous precipitation that can last for many hours. These low-level clouds are full of moisture.
- Cumulonimbus clouds are also called thunderheads. Thunderheads produce rain, thunder, and lightning.
- Many cumulonimbus clouds occur along cold fronts, where cool air is forced under warm air.
- They usually shrink as evening approaches, and moisture in the air evaporates. Cumulonimbus clouds gradually become stratocumulus clouds, which rarely produce rain.
- Question 5 of 10
5. Question
1 pointsWhich of the following are refer as the Roaring Forties, Furious Fifties and Shrieking or Stormy Sixties?
Correct
The Roaring Forties take shape as warm air near the equator rises and moves toward the poles.
- Warm air moving pole-ward (on both sides of the equator) is the result of nature trying to reduce the temperature difference between the equator and at the poles created by uneven heating from the sun.
- This process sets up global circulation cells, which are mainly responsible for global-scale wind patterns.
- The air descends back to Earth’s surface at about 30 degrees’ latitude north and south of the equator. This is known as the high-pressure subtropical ridge, also known as the horse latitudes.
- Here, as the temperature gradient decreases, air is deflected toward the poles by the Earth’s rotation, causing strong westerly and prevailing winds at approximately 40 degrees. These winds are the Roaring Forties.
- The Roaring Forties in the Northern Hemisphere don’t pack the same punch that they do in the Southern Hemisphere.
- This is because the large land masses of North America, Europe, and Asia obstructing the airstream, whereas, in the southern hemisphere, there is less land to break the wind in South America, Australia, and New Zealand.
- While the Roaring Forties may be fierce, 10 degrees south are even stronger gale-force winds called the Furious Fifties.
And 10 degrees south of the Furious Fifties lay the Screaming Sixties! We can thank the intrepid sailors of yore for these wildly descriptive terms.
Incorrect
The Roaring Forties take shape as warm air near the equator rises and moves toward the poles.
- Warm air moving pole-ward (on both sides of the equator) is the result of nature trying to reduce the temperature difference between the equator and at the poles created by uneven heating from the sun.
- This process sets up global circulation cells, which are mainly responsible for global-scale wind patterns.
- The air descends back to Earth’s surface at about 30 degrees’ latitude north and south of the equator. This is known as the high-pressure subtropical ridge, also known as the horse latitudes.
- Here, as the temperature gradient decreases, air is deflected toward the poles by the Earth’s rotation, causing strong westerly and prevailing winds at approximately 40 degrees. These winds are the Roaring Forties.
- The Roaring Forties in the Northern Hemisphere don’t pack the same punch that they do in the Southern Hemisphere.
- This is because the large land masses of North America, Europe, and Asia obstructing the airstream, whereas, in the southern hemisphere, there is less land to break the wind in South America, Australia, and New Zealand.
- While the Roaring Forties may be fierce, 10 degrees south are even stronger gale-force winds called the Furious Fifties.
And 10 degrees south of the Furious Fifties lay the Screaming Sixties! We can thank the intrepid sailors of yore for these wildly descriptive terms.
- Question 6 of 10
6. Question
1 pointsThe major hot deserts of the world are mainly associated with which of the following?
Correct
The hot deserts lie astride the Horse Latitudes or the sub-tropical high pressure belts where the air is descending, a condition is least favourable for precipitation of any kind to take place.
Incorrect
The hot deserts lie astride the Horse Latitudes or the sub-tropical high pressure belts where the air is descending, a condition is least favourable for precipitation of any kind to take place.
- Question 7 of 10
7. Question
1 pointsThe tribes “Bedouins and Bindibu” are associated with which of the following climatic regions?
Correct
The mid-latitude desert is considered an arid climate in which the total annual precipitation is less than half the annual potential evapotranspiration.
- Precipitation is sparse as the interior location is distant from a source of moisture. Or, the lack of rainfall is due to its leeward, rain shadow location.
- Despite the inhospitality, the desert has always been populated by different group of inhabitations such as Bedouins of Arab, Bushmen of Kalahari, Bindibu of Australia etc.
Incorrect
The mid-latitude desert is considered an arid climate in which the total annual precipitation is less than half the annual potential evapotranspiration.
- Precipitation is sparse as the interior location is distant from a source of moisture. Or, the lack of rainfall is due to its leeward, rain shadow location.
- Despite the inhospitality, the desert has always been populated by different group of inhabitations such as Bedouins of Arab, Bushmen of Kalahari, Bindibu of Australia etc.
- Question 8 of 10
8. Question
1 pointsMovement of water caused by meteorological effects like winds and atmospheric pressure changes are known as?
Correct
The periodical rise and fall of the sea level, once or twice a day, mainly due to the attraction of the sun and the moon, is called a tide.
Movement of water caused by meteorological effects (winds and atmospheric pressure changes) is called surges. Surges are not regular like tides.
Incorrect
The periodical rise and fall of the sea level, once or twice a day, mainly due to the attraction of the sun and the moon, is called a tide.
Movement of water caused by meteorological effects (winds and atmospheric pressure changes) is called surges. Surges are not regular like tides.
- Question 9 of 10
9. Question
1 pointsConsider the following statements regarding the earthquake waves:
- P-waves move faster and are the first to arrive at the surface.
- P waves travel through solid only.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Correct
Earthquake waves are basically of two types — body waves and surface waves. Body waves are generated due to the release of energy at the focus and move in all directions travelling through the body of the earth. Hence, the name body waves.
- The body waves interact with the surface rocks and generate new set of waves called surface waves. These waves move along the surface.
- The velocity of waves changes as they travel through materials with different densities. The denser the material, the higher is the velocity.
- Their direction also changes as they reflect or refract when coming across materials with different densities.
- There are two types of body waves. They are called P and S-waves. P-waves move faster and are the first to arrive at the surface. These are also called ‘primary waves’.
- The P-waves are similar to sound waves. They travel through gaseous, liquid and solid materials.
- S-waves arrive at the surface with some time lag. These are called secondary waves. An important fact about S-waves is that they can travel only through solid materials.
Incorrect
Earthquake waves are basically of two types — body waves and surface waves. Body waves are generated due to the release of energy at the focus and move in all directions travelling through the body of the earth. Hence, the name body waves.
- The body waves interact with the surface rocks and generate new set of waves called surface waves. These waves move along the surface.
- The velocity of waves changes as they travel through materials with different densities. The denser the material, the higher is the velocity.
- Their direction also changes as they reflect or refract when coming across materials with different densities.
- There are two types of body waves. They are called P and S-waves. P-waves move faster and are the first to arrive at the surface. These are also called ‘primary waves’.
- The P-waves are similar to sound waves. They travel through gaseous, liquid and solid materials.
- S-waves arrive at the surface with some time lag. These are called secondary waves. An important fact about S-waves is that they can travel only through solid materials.
- Question 10 of 10
10. Question
1 pointsConsider the following statements regarding crust of the earth:
- The average density of continental crust is less than oceanic crust.
- The oceanic crust is thinner than the continental crust.
Which of the statements given above is/are NOT correct?
Correct
The Crust is the outermost solid part of the earth. It is brittle in nature. The thickness of the crust varies under the oceanic and continental areas.
- Oceanic crust is thinner as compared to the continental crust. The mean thickness of oceanic crust is 5 km whereas that of the continental is around 30 km.
- The continental crust is thicker in the areas of major mountain systems. It is as much as 70 km thick in the Himalayan region.
- The average density of oceanic crust is 3.0 g/cm3, while continental crust has an average of 2.7 g/cm3
Incorrect
The Crust is the outermost solid part of the earth. It is brittle in nature. The thickness of the crust varies under the oceanic and continental areas.
- Oceanic crust is thinner as compared to the continental crust. The mean thickness of oceanic crust is 5 km whereas that of the continental is around 30 km.
- The continental crust is thicker in the areas of major mountain systems. It is as much as 70 km thick in the Himalayan region.
- The average density of oceanic crust is 3.0 g/cm3, while continental crust has an average of 2.7 g/cm3