Daily Quiz: UPSC Prelims Marathon – January 18, 2018

All the statements are correct.

It will be the first Indian mission to study the sun. Aditya-L1 with additional experiments can now provide observations of Sun’s Photosphere, Chromospheres and corona.

ISRO will put the satellite in a halo orbit around the Lagrangian point 1 point between the Sun and the Earth. The distance of this point from earth is about 1.5 million km. The location will facilitate continuous viewing of the Sun without any eclipses.

LPA and CBNAAT are used to determine tuberculosis. It is meant for the early and rapid diagnonsis of drug resistant tuberculosis. India is using these technologies since 2012. The CB NAAT is known as the GeneXpert in most countries other than India. This is the preferred first diagnostic test in children and people with TB and HIV co-infection.

Statement 1 and 2 are correct. TV transmission satellite is in a geostationary orbit. Geostationary orbits can only be accomplished with equatorial orbits, and since India is in the northern hemisphere this means the satellite will always be in south direction. Very few communication satellites use polar orbits, or any orbit inclined out of the equatorial plane for that matter, to prevent the need for constant reaming of the receiver dish.

Statement 3 is incorrect. Geo stationary satellite is a kind of geo synchronous satellite. It take 24  hours or one day to cover the earth.

In an effort to curb antibiotic resistance, the World Health Organization (WHO) has divided the drugs into three categories — access, watch and reserve — specifying which are to be used for common ailments and which are to be kept for complicated diseases.

Commonly used antibiotics will be under the ‘access’ category; the second line of antibiotics, slightly more potent, have been categorised under “watch” and potent drugs to be used only as a “last resort” fall under the ‘reserve’ category.

Both statements are correct. Artificial blood is a product made to act as a substitute for red blood cells. While true blood serves many different functions, artificial blood is designed for the sole purpose of transporting oxygen and carbon dioxide throughout the body.

Currently, artificial blood products are only designed to replace the function of red blood cells. It might even be better to call the products being developed now, oxygen carriers instead of artificial blood.

Source: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2738310/

All the statements are correct. Ketosis is a normal metabolic process. When the body does not have enough glucose for energy, it burns stored fats instead; this results in a build-up of acids called ketones within the body.

Some people encourage ketosis by following a diet called the ketogenic or low-carb diet. The aim of the diet is to try and burn unwanted fat by forcing the body to rely on fat for energy, rather than carbohydrates.

Ketosis is also commonly observed in patients with diabetes, as the process can occur if the body does not have enough insulin or is not using insulin correctly.

Statement 1 is correct. Carbohydrates are the most abundant biomolecule on Earth. Living organisms use carbohydrates as accessible energy to fuel cellular reactions and for structural support inside cell walls. Cells attach carbohydrate molecules to proteins and lipids, modifying structures to enhance functionality.

Statement 2 is incorrect. Fats give more energy than same amount of carbohydrates.

Statement 3 is incorrect. Proteins are the most important set of nutrients. They are also called body-building foods. They help in growth and repair of damaged cells and tissues of the body. They also help our body to fight against infections.